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Beit Midrash
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The gemara (Bava Metzia 118a) discusses when one can tell a worker that he asked to do work that he should receive the object he worked on in lieu of a salary. The gemara concludes that when Reuven tells Shimon to work in Levi’s field he must actually pay him, whereas if he told Shimon to work in an abandoned field he can tell him to take what he worked on as payment. Rashi (ad loc.) explains that when Shimon works in an abandoned field and can take the produce for himself, Reuven is not responsible for his pay.
The Rashba asks why it is that when Shimon does what Reuven asked, he isn’t considered his worker whether he works on someone else’s field or no one’s. He explains that Reuven’s obligation when he works on Levi’s field is based on the concept of arev (a cosigner). The gemara (Kiddushin 7a) says that when one wants to give a woman money as kiddushin and she tells him to give the money to someone else to effectuate the marriage, the kiddushin works, just as a cosigner becomes obligated to pay back a loan that was given to someone other than himself. So too, when Levi got the benefit from Shimon’s work based on Reuven’s request, it is as if Reuven was getting the benefit. On the other hand, if it was done on an abandoned field, it is like one who says throw money into the sea and I will pay you. In that case, there is a machloket among the Rishonim if the halacha of arev applies. The Rashba apparently posits that it does not.
What seems to follow from the Rashba is that in a case where a middleman tells a worker to work for a mazmin, the mazmin is the employer even though the middleman promised to pay him. The Mateh Levi (Bava Metzia 28:16) explains that if there is a "cosigner" (the middleman), there must be a borrower (the mazmin). In this case, the mazmin would be considered the employer, and the agency would have to pay because of arvut. However, it is not clear from the Rishonim in Kiddushin that every cosigner requires the existence of a borrower. Therefore, it is not certain that the mazmin is necessarily obligated in the worker’s pay or in the other rights that emanate from the ostensible work relationship.
P'ninat Mishpat (829)
Various Rabbis
41 - The Obligation Worker From a Temporary Employment Agency
42 - The Obligation of Temporary Employment Agency
43 - Workers Who Could Not Work Due to Snow
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P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Did Any Furniture Go to the Buyer? – part II
based on ruling 84093 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Dividing Parents’ Resources when Mother Still Alive
based on ruling 82017 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Problematic Lights?
based on appeal of ruling 84085 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: A Seller with Questionable Rights to the Property – part II
based on ruling 84062 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
Rabbis in Midrash
Lessons
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Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 9 - "Seeing is Believing" (parag. 21-30)
These paragraphs elaborate on the theme that seeing and knowing is better than any attempt to prove logically, and begins explaining the difference between Israel and gentiles.
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Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 8- "Answering Questions on the Kuzari's Proof from Mass Revelation
How do we know that the "claim" of mass revelation to 2,000,000 witnesses at Mt. Sinai is really true? This important class answers all of the questions skeptics ask about this claim of the Kuzari.
Ein Aya Armies Still Necessary for Balance & the War Against Wars
Rav Kook explains why the world was originally divided into the various seemingly contradicting ideologies and cultures, in order to develop each one respectively. Swords or armies symbolize how each respective ideology defends themselves, as well as deters their opposing ideologies and cultures. On the other hand, the messianic era will be one of peace, and Rav Kook explains the transition to that stage, which mankind is already undergoing.
The Land of Israel LGBT'S IN ISRAEL
The question was asked, how can one make Aliyah with the LGBT parades?
Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 7 - Five Accumulative Proofs of G-d
As a preparation for the Kuzari's classic proof of G-d from the mass-revelation at Sinai, we start here with 5 other directions to strengthen our belief which also contribute to what the Kuzari will present as well.
Ein Aya Muscle & Meaning: The Dual Nature of Gevurah (Physical Strength)
Is physical strength and fitness a necessity or an ideal? Although it if often totally overlooked among topics of Judaism, Rav Kook writes that it clearly is also a necessity to deter the many enemies of Israel, but even in Y'mot HaMashiach, in the Messianic era, to a certain extent, it's ideal continues even after our enemies will have been finished off.
