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Beit Midrash
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- Shabbat and Holidays
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- Preparations for Shabbat, Entrance and Exit
Answer: Some things are forbidden on Shabbat but permitted during bein hashemashot (=bhsh), which is treated like a safek (doubt) of night/Shabbat, including asking a non-Jew to do melacha for Shabbat needs, e.g., lighting a candle (Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim 261:1; ibid. 342:1 expands it a little more). Since some poskim and communities (see Be’ur Halacha to 343:1) allow children to do things on Shabbat that adults may not, we understand your idea of using a child during bhsh (after the community accepts Shabbat, leniency is harder – see Piskei Teshuvot 343:4). However, since plugging in a hot plate, with its very hot filaments, is a Torah-level melacha, it is also forbidden by Torah law to encourage a child to do so (Mishna Berura 343:4). Since bhsh, is a safek of Shabbat, asking a child to do a full melacha is a safek Torah prohibition, and facilitating a mitzva (a Shabbat meal) would not be sufficient justification.
During the first 13 minutes after sunset, there is arguably a double doubt: 1. Bhsh is a safek; 2. Maybe Rabbeinu Tam is correct that bhsh begins only an hour or so after sunset (see Be’ur Halacha to 261:1). However, most poskim say that since our communities’ clear minhag is to discount Rabbeinu Tam’s opinion (i.e., on Saturday we do melacha some 35 minutes after sunset), we should not consider this a reason to be more lenient than the regular halachot of bhsh (Orchot Shabbat, 25:(78); Dirshu 261:14).
Bemare Habazak - Rabbis Questions (654)
Rabbi Daniel Mann
463 - White Wine for the Seder
464 - Benefitting from Child’s Violation during Bein Hashemashot
465 - Listening to Music During the Sefirah
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However, perhaps eating the food is permitted even if done by an adult on Shabbat proper. If the food was nominally cooked, then even if plugging in the hot plate caused it to become fully cooked and heated a cooled-off liquid, benefit is permitted. This is based on the rule that when there are serious opinions to permit something, as in these cases (see Shulchan Aruch, OC 318:4 and Be’ur Halacha ad loc.), benefit b’di’eved is permitted even for those who rule stringently l’chatchila (Mishna Berura 318:2). There is also room for leniency based on the fact that the work was done b’shogeg (based on a mistake, including a halachic one). Of the three opinions in Ketubot 34a, we generally accept the middle opinion, which forbids benefit on Shabbat even b’shogeg (Shulchan Aruch ibid. 1), but in case of need many rely on the lenient opinion (Mishna Berura ad loc. 7, based on the Gra ad loc.).
Regarding the food on the hot plate, there is a complication. The plugging in created a new situation of food being on a heat source when it was not when Shabbat started (like hachzara). This is often forbidden because one might stoke the coals or because it looks like cooking (Mishna Berura 318:98). If one makes a mistake on these matters, the food is forbidden in benefit (Shabbat 38a). Here you did the equivalent of actually stoking the coals, but paradoxically, the reason we are stringent is because people are lax because they don’t think the possibility of stoking the coals is a big deal. Here the main mistake was about doing a melacha, which people do take seriously, and there is no need for extra stringency b’shogeg. There are too many permutations to address as far as whether you also violated hachzara, but if you follow the opinions to take food directly from the refrigerator to a hot plates, you should not be impacted here.
As far using the hot plate if and when you become aware of the mistake, it is permitted only according to the Gra (above), as a clear Shabbat violation created its heat.
Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 8- "Answering Questions on the Kuzari's Proof from Mass Revelation
Rabbis in Midrash
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Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 9 - "Seeing is Believing" (parag. 21-30)
These paragraphs elaborate on the theme that seeing and knowing is better than any attempt to prove logically, and begins explaining the difference between Israel and gentiles.
Ein Aya Various Universal Stages of the Geula Process
Rav Kook examines the various stages of redemption, explaining how (in addition to the obvious oft-mentioned stages of ingathering the exiles, reviving the Hebrew language, army, state etc.) the messianic dream of world prosperity, the State of Israel and world unity can and are realistically and logically gradually coming true.
Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 8- "Answering Questions on the Kuzari's Proof from Mass Revelation
How do we know that the "claim" of mass revelation to 2,000,000 witnesses at Mt. Sinai is really true? This important class answers all of the questions skeptics ask about this claim of the Kuzari.
Ein Aya Armies Still Necessary for Balance & the War Against Wars
Rav Kook explains why the world was originally divided into the various seemingly contradicting ideologies and cultures, in order to develop each one respectively. Swords or armies symbolize how each respective ideology defends themselves, as well as deters their opposing ideologies and cultures. On the other hand, the messianic era will be one of peace, and Rav Kook explains the transition to that stage, which mankind is already undergoing.
The Land of Israel LGBT'S IN ISRAEL
The question was asked, how can one make Aliyah with the LGBT parades?
Kuzari -Rabbi Ari Shvat Kuzari class 7 - Five Accumulative Proofs of G-d
As a preparation for the Kuzari's classic proof of G-d from the mass-revelation at Sinai, we start here with 5 other directions to strengthen our belief which also contribute to what the Kuzari will present as well.
Ein Aya Muscle & Meaning: The Dual Nature of Gevurah (Physical Strength)
Is physical strength and fitness a necessity or an ideal? Although it if often totally overlooked among topics of Judaism, Rav Kook writes that it clearly is also a necessity to deter the many enemies of Israel, but even in Y'mot HaMashiach, in the Messianic era, to a certain extent, it's ideal continues even after our enemies will have been finished off.
