Question
On Purim Meshulsh (When 15’th os Adar fals on Shabbat) - on the 3rd day of Purim (sunday) do we say Tachnun in yerushalayim? How about over seas?
Answer
Shalom,
Thank you for your interesting question. In a normal year Purim is celebrated nearly everywhere on the 14th of Adar, and only in cities that were walled from the time of Joshua, such as Jerusalem, is it celebrated on the next day, the 15th of Adar. In such a case the Tachanun prayer is omitted on both days in all places (see the Mishna Brura 131,33).
However your question relates to the fact that Purim can fall out on Shabat in Jerusalem (but the 14th never falls on Shabat). When this happens we split Purim up into three parts - doing part of Purim on Friday, part on Shabat, and part on Sunday. This is because we are not allowed to preform the mitzvah of reading the Megillah Esther on Shabat. What is the law of Tachanun in such a case?
The Kaf HaHaim 131, 102 writes that in such a year Tachanun is not recited in Jerusalem (or any walled city) on the Sunday, the 16th of Adar, as it is Purim on that day in that location. In the work Ashay Yisrael (25,17 (59)) he quotes the Ze HaShulchan who rules that in such a case no where else recites Tachanun either. This is because either the 16th is the replacement day for the 15th, and on the 15th no-one says Tachanun, or because everywhere else needs to give honor the Purim of the walled cities.
This year (5773) Purim will be on Saturday night and Sunday for most cities, and on Sunday night and Monday for Jerusalem and other walled cities. So on both Sunday and Monday we will not say Tachanun, nor will we say Tzidkatchah on Shabat mincha.
Purim Semach!!!
