Beit Midrash
  • Shabbat and Holidays
  • The High Holidays
  • The Month of Elul
קטגוריה משנית
  • Torah Portion and Tanach
  • D'varim
  • Ha'azinu
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In the song of Ha'azinu, Moshe summons Heaven & Earth as witnesses to what will happen if we do not obey the Torah. We are grateful as G-d sustains us in a land of abundance & defeats our enemies. But if we are arrogant, immoral nations will subjugate us to chastise us, though nothing can sever the bond between us & G-d. G-d commands Moshe to ascend Mount Nevo & be gathered to his people. The Haftora is Shmuel 2:22. On Erev Yom Kippur (Sun.) men immerse in a Mikva; Kaparot prayers are said, we eat a festive meal before sunset & we say a special Bracha for our kids. Yahrzeit & YK candles (w/Shecheyanu) are lit. The Talit is worn before sunset; Kol Nidre is said while it is still day. YK Torah reading is the Avoda from Acharei Mot; the Haftora is from Yeshayahu 57. Sefer Yona is read at Mincha YK. After Havdala/break-fast, many begin to build the Sukkah. See Ask the Rabbi for Sukkot details. I'VE GOT YOU COVERED The names of our Chagim are fascinating. Pesach literally means, "passing over," and reminds us that we were saved from the Death of the 1st Born (as well as the other plagues) and so should be grateful to Hashem. Sukkot reminds us that we survived, in tiny little shacks, the trials and tribulations of a hostile desert; this also is cause to thank Hashem for His guardianship. Rosh Hashana – self-explanatory; it begins the year. Chanuka, the dedication, "Chanukat" of the Bet Mikdash. But Yom HaKippurim is a bit trickier. Why is it written in the plural (even though we usually do refer to it as "Yom Kippur;" but maybe that's because we're in such a hurry to repent, we use the shorthand!) And what of the word itself, "Kippur?" What does it mean? Of course, when we hear "Kippur," we think, "Kapara," or forgiveness, which is the whole point of this day. But does "Kapara" itself have a deeper meaning? I want to suggest that the root of this word Kippurim - KFR - offers a fascinating message. It can connect to the word, "ransom, kofer," inferring that while we are indeed guilty of sinning throughout the year, we can – so to speak – gain our freedom by paying Hashem a "ransom." And what is that ransom? Well, the Un'taneh Tokef spells it out; there are several "currencies" that Hashem will accept: Teshuva (i.e. "turning" in a new direction so as to return – shav - to a relationship with G-d, usually known as "Repentance"); Tefila (humbling ourselves, making ourselves "tafel, subservient" to Hashem, usually called "Prayer"); and Tzedeka (i.e. doing the righteous thing, even if it costs us, usually translated as "Charity"). That's why the plural "Kippurim" is used. But another word lurks behind the KFR (or KPR) shoresh here, and that is Kaporet. A kaporet is a "cover," and we are familiar with that word because we know it as the cover which sat upon the Aron Kodesh in the Bet HaMikdash. On one level, it was there to safeguard the Luchot, the Law, the single most valuable object in the history of Am Yisrael, if not Mankind itself. But the Kaporet also had on it the pure gold, baby-faced, Keruvim, between whose wings G-d's voice emanated to the outside world. The message: If you pray as a child, with pure innocence and humility, your voice will be heard by Hashem, you will "strike gold" and be "covered" by this awesome day. ASK THE RABBI: WHAT ARE THE LAWS OF SUKKOT THIS YEAR? Sukkot begins on Friday night (Sep. 25) with an abridged Kabbalat Shabbat (candles mention Shabbat, Yom Tov & we add Shehecheyanu). We enter the Sukka (even in rain!). Ushpizin are said each night. On Shabbat, the Lulav is not taken. We say full Hallel & read Kohelet. Torah readings are from Emor & Pinchas; Haftora: Zecharya 14. Hoshanot are said (as every day of Sukkot) but without circling. From Sunday (Chol HaMoed) the Arba Minim are taken each day (Shehecheyanu is added the first time) & full Hallel is said each day. Torah reading (Bamidbar 29) reflects the day & is repeated 4 times. Tefilin are not worn. On Hoshana Raba, some learn deep into the night. On the day (Fri, Oct. 2) the Torahs are taken out of the Aron & 7 circles are made holding the Arba Minim. On Shmini Atzeret/Simchat Torah (Oct. 3) we will do 7 Hakafot, both in the evening & the following day. At Musaf, we will begin to say, "Mashiv ha'Ruach u'Morid ha'Gashem" until Musaf of 1st day Pesach.
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