קטגוריה משנית To dedicate this lesson keyboard_arrow_rightvisibility There are 4 cardinal commandments in the Torah that require martyrdom, if necessary. Most people know the first 3: Idolatry, murder & certain sexual crimes. But the 4th, in our Sedra, is Chilul Hashem; we must not commit any act (in public) that brings desecration to G-d’s name. The Gemara says this sin may be as minor as a Talmid Chacham not paying his bills on time; or as major as allowing Jews to be killed by non-Jews with impunity. On the other hand, Kiddush Hashem is any act which brings glory to Hashem’s name & honors Him among the nations. Some events can generate both results: The Shoa, or our failure to wipe out terrorism, cause(d) massive Chilul Hashem, as the nations look upon us & our G-d as impotent, unable to stop our being murdered. This is a disgrace to Hashem. Yet at the same time, they create great Kiddush Hashem, as the Shoa victims courageously resisted, & never lost their faith, even as Jews today refuse to abandon Israel or Judaism due to terrorism.