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Answer: It is good to have a set order of practices, which helps avoid the doubt, but these things happen. Regarding one with a doubt whether he recited BKHT, poskim assume that whether or not one has to recite it now depends if BKHT is a Torah-level obligation or a Rabbinic one (see Mishna Berura 47:1). The gemara (Berachot 21a) identifies this as the measuring stick regarding doubt about having recited Kriโat Shema and mentioning yetziโat Mitzrayim. The same gemara cites pโsukim as sources for the obligations of Birkat Hamazon and BKHT, which many identify as the two berachot of Torah origin (Ramban, Shichโchat Aseh 15). Therefore, the Shaโagat Aryeh (24) and many others rule that one who is in doubt whether he needs to recite BKHT, should do so. He just says (ibid. 25) that since the mitzva from the Torah is fulfilled with one beracha, in a case of doubt we recite only "โฆ asher bachar banu โฆ" Some (Birkei Yosef, OC 47:8- see other opinions in the Mishna Berura ibid.) posit that BKHT is only Rabbinic and that we do not recite in a case of doubt (as we generally say, safek berachot lโhakel).
Although the stronger opinion is to recite BKHT when in doubt, the Mishna Berura (ibid.) suggests the alternative you mentioned โ to fulfill the obligation with the beracha before Kriโat Shema โ Ahava Raba. While this seems to follow the general halachic "sentiment" to keep things safe, it is not a foregone conclusion that this is fully safe. First, there is a major machloket whether it is permitted to recite Pโsukei Dโzimra, which consists of Torah texts that are recited as praise in tefilla, before BKHT (see opinions in the Shulchan Aruch, OC 46:9). Indeed, if one realizes in the midst of Pโsukei Dโzimra that he definitely did not recite BKHT, most rule that he should interrupt Pโsukei Dโzimra to recite it (Mishna Berura 51:10; Yabia Omer IV, OC 7; Tefilla Kโhilchata 9:31).
Another drawback of using Ahava Raba is that it is unclear that it is always done correctly. The gemara (Berachot 11b) does say that after having said Ahava Raba, one no longer needs BKHT, but the Yerushalmi limits it to a case where one learned right afterward. Considering that Kriโat Shema, which comes from the Torah, follows Ahava Raba, wouldnโt this condition be trivial? One of the Beit Yosefโs (OC 47) answers posits that Kriโat Shema does not count, as it is not done for the purpose of learning and/or it is not clearly for that purpose. In the Shulchan Aruch (OC 47:7-8), he cites two opinions on whether one needs to learn something else right after davening and recommends stringency. Although one can wait until the end of Shacharit as long as he does not talk about matters not related to Torah or tefilla in the meantime (Beโur Halacha ad loc.), the Shulchan Aruch considers it risky to rely on this system to fulfill BKHT.
Your plan to have in mind to fulfill the obligation with Ahava Raba during recitation, while worthwhile to strive for (Mishna Berura 47:1; see Beโur Halacha to 47:8) is most likely not a requirement (Mishna Berura 47:14; see Beโur Halacha ibid.). In a case like this of multiple sefeikot (maybe you said BKHT, maybe you had sufficient intent for Ahava Raba, maybe intent is not needed), it is easier to be lenient (see Ishei Yisrael 6:(33)).
The halachically simplest way to get out of doubt (but is not always practical or pleasant) is to find someone who has not yet made the beracha and have him do it for you with intention to include you (Mishna Berura 47:1). While women recite BKHT (Shulchan Aruch, OC 47:14), it is not agreed that she is obligated to do so or at least obligated in the same way as a man. Therefore, while it is plausible that a woman can be motzi a man (Beโur Halacha ad loc.), one should not rely upon this (see Tzitz Eliezer XV:24).
Bemare Habazak - Rabbis Questions (657)
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507 - Sheva Berachot Every Day of Sheva Berachot?
508 - Unsure if he Recited Birkat Hatorah
509 - Age to Begin Wearing Tefillin
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Why does parshat Shoftim always come out during Elul? This innovative and central explanation is an eye-opener regarding many aspects of Judaism.
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(based on ruling 85031 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
(based on ruling 85031 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
P'ninat Mishpat Complaints about Contractorโs Work โ part II
(based on ruling 83037.1 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
(based on ruling 83037.1 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
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Based on Siach Shaul, Pirkei Machshava VโHadracha p. 263 (address at the laying of the cornerstone of the Yeshiva Chaklaโit in Kfar Haroeh)
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Based on Siach Shaul, Pirkei Machshava VโHadracha p. 263 (address at the cornerstone laying for the Yeshiva Chaklaโit in Kfar Haroeh โ 1938)
Based on Siach Shaul, Pirkei Machshava VโHadracha p. 263 (address at the cornerstone laying for the Yeshiva Chaklaโit in Kfar Haroeh โ 1938)
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P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Complaints about Contractorโs Work โ part II
(based on ruling 83037.1 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
(based on ruling 83037.1 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
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Based on Siach Shaul, Pirkei Machshava VโHadracha p. 690
Based on Siach Shaul, Pirkei Machshava VโHadracha p. 690
