There is a Mishnah in Gemara Megillah where it refers to the mitzvah’s that can only be performed during daytime hours - eg. reading of the Megillah, reciting Hallel, taking the Lulav, etc. There appears to be an obvious exclusion. Is there a good reason why Tallis and Tefillin are not mentioned in this Mishnah?

There are many examples of what's called "Tanna v'shee'er", where a Tanna gives some examples but leaves out other, often many other, examples.