ื—ื•ืฉืŸ: ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื“ืฃ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
ืื™ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ืจ ืขืจื™ื›ื”
ย 
ืฉื•ืจื” 133: ืฉื•ืจื” 133:
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช [[ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš]] : "ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืจืฆื” ื”' ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•, ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ), ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื”ื ืžืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ืฉื•ื ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื ืข ื•ื ื“ ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ืœื‘ื•, ืืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ".
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช [[ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš]] : "ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืจืฆื” ื”' ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•, ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ), ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื”ื ืžืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ืฉื•ื ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื ืข ื•ื ื“ ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ืœื‘ื•, ืืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ".


ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ืžื“ ืืงื˜ื•ืืœื™: ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื–ื” ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืกื“ื™ ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื ืื•ืชื™ื ? ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืขื ื” 'ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš' ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื”. ื•ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืคื•ืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื—ื•ืœืฆืชื• ืœืžื›ื ืกื™ื• ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• (โ€ฆืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื›ืจืก ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”โ€ฆ)
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ืžื“ ืืงื˜ื•ืืœื™: ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื–ื” ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื ืื•ืชื™ื ? ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืขื ื” 'ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš' ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื”. ื•ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืคื•ืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื—ื•ืœืฆืชื• ืœืžื›ื ืกื™ื• ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• (โ€ฆืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื›ืจืก ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”โ€ฆ)


ื—ื ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ย  ื˜ืขื ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื” โ€“ ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื• โ€“ ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื’ื•ืคื•.
ื—ื ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ย  ื˜ืขื ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื” โ€“ ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื• โ€“ ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื’ื•ืคื•.

ื’ืจืกื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžึพ21:42, 27 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2021

ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ - ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”,ืขืจืš: ื‘ืจื™"ื

ื—ืฉึถืืŸ ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืึตืคึนื“, ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืžื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ืืœ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™: ื–ื”ื‘, ืชื›ืœืช, ืืจื’ืžืŸ, ืชื•ืœืขืช ืฉื ื™ ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืฉื–ืจ. ืฆื•ืจืชื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจื‘ื•ืข: ื–ืจืช ืื•ืจื›ื• ื•ื–ืจืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ื•. ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืืจื‘ืข ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื:(ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช, ื›"ื—, ื˜"ื•-ืœ'))

  1. ืึนื“ึถื ืคึดึผื˜ึฐื“ึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึธืจึถืงึถืช ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึธืึถื—ึธื“:
  2. ื•ึฐื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึทืฉึตึผืื ึดื™ ื ึนืคึถืšึฐ ืกึทืคึดึผื™ืจ ื•ึฐื™ึทื”ึฒืœึนื:
  3. ื•ึฐื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึทืฉึฐึผืืœึดื™ืฉึดืื™ ืœึถืฉึถืื ืฉึฐืื‘ื•ึน ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฐืœึธืžึธื”:
  4. ื•ึฐื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ืชึทึผืจึฐืฉึดืื™ืฉื ื•ึฐืฉึนืื”ึทื ื•ึฐื™ึธืฉึฐืืคึถื” ืžึฐืฉึปืื‘ึธึผืฆึดื™ื ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืœึผื•ึผืึนืชึธื:

ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ืงื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฆืžื“ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ".

ื”ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื ื™ืฉื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”. ื•ื›ืš ืžืชื•ืืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• : "ื•ึฐื ึธืฉึธื‚ื ... (ืืช) ึฐึผื—ืฉึถืืŸ ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜ ืขึทืœ-ืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน ื‘ึฐึผื‘ึนืื•ึน ืึถืœ-ื”ึทืงึนึผื“ึถืฉื ืœึฐื–ึดื›ึธึผืจึนืŸ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™-ื”' ืชึธึผืžึดื™ื“.ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึธึผ ืึถืœ-ื—ืฉึถืืŸ ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜ ืึถืช-ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื”ึทืชึปึผืžึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ-ืœึตื‘ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื‘ึฐึผื‘ึนืื•ึน ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ื•ึฐื ึธืฉึธื‚ื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืช-ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื˜ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™-ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทืœ-ืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืชึธึผืžึดื™ื“".

ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื•ื”ึทืชึปึผืžึดึผื™ื. ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ืืจ: "ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืคืœื™ ื”ื—ืฉืŸ, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ืžืชืžื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•. ื•ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ, ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื (ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ) ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•. ื•ืขืœ ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื›ืชื‘ (ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ) ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื™ ืžืฉืคื˜, ืฉื ืืžืจ, ื‘ืขืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืœืžืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• :"ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื”ึทื›ึนึผื”ึตืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื˜ ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืขึทืœ-ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ-ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ-ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™-ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึดืชึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ-ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื”" [1].ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”: "ื”ืื ืœืฆืืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ืื• ืœื ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืขื?

ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช "ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื™ืฉ ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช : ืื•ืจื™ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช [2] ืชื•ืžื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ื, ืฉืฉื ื›ืœื” ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื” ื‘ื—ืฉืŸ ืชื—ื•ื (ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืŸ) ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ืžืฆืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืจืขืจ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื” [3]. ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ืžื—ืฉ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžืชื•ื—ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžืจื•ื‘ืข.

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื ืืžืจ: ืืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืžื‘ื•ืืจ "ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื ื ืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืื• ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช." - ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื” ืœื ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ? ืŸืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื’ื ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื’ื“ื”:" ืฉื”ื—ืฉืŸ ืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ืฉื ืกืœื™ื—ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜" - ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื“ืง.

ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ืฉืŸ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ [4] ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ืฉืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื ืžืฆื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืืœื ืฉืชื™ ืขืฉืจื” ื•ื”ื ืื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื."

ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืž"ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ". ืฉื ื”ืฆืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืžืชื—ืช ืœื›ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื”.

ืžืก. ื”ืฉื ืกืžืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื•ืฉื ื”ืฆืœื
1 ืึนื“ึถื ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืจื•ึผโ€ื‘ึผโ€ื™"ืŸ - (ืกืžืงืŸ)
Carnelian sard
ืฆื‘ืขื• ืื“ื•ื
ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืฆืื• ืžื”ื™ื
ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื•ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืžืžื ื•
ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื ื•ืฉืืช ืื•ืชื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืœืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื ืคืœื™ื.
ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืžืงืฉื” ืœื•ืœื“.
ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ
Carnelian_sard ืฆื™ืœื: Hyperdeath
2 ืคึดึผื˜ึฐื“ึธื” ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืคืจืืฉืž"ื (ื™ืจืงืŸ) ื•ืžืจืงื“"ื™ ื”ื ืื—ื“
ืคืจื™ื“ื•ื˜
ืฆื‘ืขื• ื™ืจื•ืง ื›ื›ืจืชื™ (ื—ืฆื™ืจ) ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ื. ื”ืžืจืงื“"' - ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ - ื–ื™ื•ื• ืžื‘ื”ื™ืง ื•ืื•ืจื• ืžืชื ื•ืฆืฅ ืขื“ ืžืื“ ื•ืคืจืืฉืž"ื-ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืืฃ ื”ื™ื - ืืš "ืœืžื˜ื”" ืžืžื ื• ืžืงืจืจืช ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื›ื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื ื—ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื˜ื•ืคื™ ื–ื™ืžื” ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื™ื” ืœืงืจืจ ืื•ืชื
Olivine ืฆื™ืœื: Aramgutang
3 ื‘ึธืจึถืงึถืช ืœื•ื™ ืงึทึผโ€โ€โ€โ€ืจื‘ื•ึนโ€ื ึฐืงึฐืœึธโ€"ื
ืงื•ื•ืจืฅ ื•ืชืจื’ื•ืžื• "ื‘ืจืงืŸ"
ื ื•ืฆืฆืช ื›ื‘ืจืง ื•ืžืื™ืจื” ื›ื ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉืชืœื” ื ื— ื‘ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืงืจืื” "ืฆื”ืจ" ื•ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืงืจืื” "ืืงื“ื—" ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉืงื•ื“ื— ื›ื’ื—ืœืช ืžื—ื›ื™ืžืช ืคืชื™ ื•ืžืื™ืจืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื
ืื ืฉื•ื—ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื•ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืื›ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืชื” ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืกืžื™ื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ื—ื›ื™ื
ื•ืœืคืชื•ื— ื”ืœื‘
Quartz_Crystal ืฆื™ืœื:Solipsist
4 ื ึนืคึถืšึฐ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืึดื–ึฐืžึธโ€ืจึตื’ึฐื“ึดึผโ€ื™ืŸ
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืจืืงื“"ื™ ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื–ืžื•ืจ"ื
ื™ืจื•ืงื” - ืขื ื–ื™ื• ืžื‘ื”ื™ืง ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉืื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื• ืขืจืฃ ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืžื” ื ืคืš
ืึดื–ึฐืžึธโ€ืจึตื’ึฐื“ึดึผโ€ื™ืŸ - Ram-Nan
5 ืกึทืคึดึผื™ืจ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืฉืคื™ืœ"ื™
ืœึทืคึดึผื™ืก ืœึทื–ื•ึผืœึดื™
ืžืจืื” ืชื›ืœืช ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืœ ืขื ื•ื•ื” - ืœื ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืข - ื›ืžื• ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืกื ืคื™ืจื ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ" ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืืš ื’ื ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื›ืœ ื›ืื‘ ื•ื ืคื™ื—ื” - ื›ืžื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืจืคืื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ
Lapis-lazuli ืฆื™ืœื: Hannes Grobe
6 ื™ึทื”ึฒืœึนื ื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ ืคึดึผโ€ื™ืจึฐืœึธ"ื
Diamond
ืœื‘ื ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื‘ืŸ
ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืขื•ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ
ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืฉื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื
Diamond ืฆื™ืœื:Saperaud
7 ืœึถืฉึถืื ื“ืŸ ืืฉื˜ืคืกื™"ืก
Amber
ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื• ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ ืื“ื ืžื”ื•ืคืš
ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืš ืขื ืกืžืœ ืžื™ื›ื”
ืื™ืŸ
Amber ืฆื™ืœื:Hannes Grobe
8 ) ืฉึฐืื‘ื•ึน ื ืคืชืœื™ ื˜ื•ึผโ€ืจึฐืงึดื™ื–ึธโ€"ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืจื’ื•ืžื•: ื˜ึทโ€ืจึฐืงึดื™ึธึผโ€โ€ื (ื™ื•ื“ ื“ื’ื•ืฉื”) ืฆื‘ืขื• ืื˜ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืง ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘
ื•ืžืฆืœื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื•
Turquoise ืฆื™ืœื:Suguri F
9 ืึทื—ึฐืœึธืžึธื” ื’ื“ ืงืจื™ืฉื˜ื"ืœ. ืชืจื’ื•ืžื•: ืขื™ืŸ ืขื™ื’ืœื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื™ืืž"ืŸ ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ืื“ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
Agate ืฆื™ืœื:Hannes Grobe
10 ืชึทึผืจึฐืฉึดืื™ืฉื ืืฉืจ ืงึฐืจึดื™ืื•ึผโ€ืœึดื™ืงึธโ€"ื ื•ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืŸ
ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืคืจืฉืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื‘ืŸ ืขื ื’ื•ืŸ ืชื›ืœืช
ื•ืชืจื’ื•ืžื•:ื›ึฐึผโ€ืจื•ึผโ€ื ื™ึทโ€ืžึธโ€ื,
ื•ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื™ื ืฉืฉืžื• ืชืจืฉื™ืฉ
ืกื’ื•ืœืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ืืช ืœืขื›ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ
ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ื—ืง ืื•ืชื” ื•ืžืขืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืื›ืœื•
ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืŸ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”
Gunnar Ries Amphibol
11 ืฉึนืื”ึทื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื•ึผโ€ื ึดืงืœึด"ื™ ื‘ื•ืจืœื -"ื‘ืจื™ืœ" ื•ื ืงืจืืช ืฉื•ื”ื ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื
ืฉื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ
ืœืชืช ื—ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ืจื•ืื™ื•
ื•ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช
ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืฉืžืขื™ื
Pinkmorganite ืฆื™ืœื:Ragemanchoo
12 ื™ึธืฉึฐืืคึถื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืคื™"ื– - ืคื ื™ื ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”:ืื“ืžื”, ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืงื”
ืœืคื™ ืฉื ืฉืชื ื” ืœื‘ื• ืœื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”
ืื ื™ื’ืœื” ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื‘ื™ื•
ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื
PerlmuttAusst ืฆื™ืœื:Pudding4brains

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื[5] ืžืคืจื˜ืช ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘"ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื" ืฉืขืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจื:
"ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ: 'ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ?
ื”ืฉื•ืืœ (ืžืœืš ืื• ืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ) - ืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื ืฉืืœ (ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ื”ืŸ), ื•ื”ื ืฉืืœ ืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” (ื›ืœืคื™ ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ืฉึตืื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ); ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ: [6] [ื•ึทื™ึดึผืฉึฐืืึทืœ ื“ึธึผื•ึดื“ ื‘ึทึผื”' ืœึตืืžึนืจ:" ืึถืจึฐื“ึนึผืฃ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึฐึผื“ื•ึผื“ ื”ึทื–ึถึผื” [ื”ึทืึทืฉึดึผื‚ื’ึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืœื•ึน ืจึฐื“ึนืฃ ื›ึดึผื™ ื”ึทืฉึตึผื‚ื’ ืชึทึผืฉึดึผื‚ื™ื’ ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึตึผืœ ืชึทึผืฆึดึผื™ืœ"?
ื•ื”ื ืฉืืœ ืื•ืžืจ: ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”': ืขืœื” ื•ื”ืฆืœื—!
ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ 'ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื” ืืœื 'ืขืœื” ื•ื”ืฆืœื—'.

ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืงื˜[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืœ, ืฉื ืืžืจ [7]:"ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื”ึทื›ึนึผื”ึตืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืžึนื“" ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน "ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื˜ ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึดืชึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื”" (ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน ืžืฉืžืข ืœื• ืœื‘ื“ื•: ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืข ืืœื ื”ื•ื), ื•ืœื ืžื”ืจื”ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื• (ืืœื ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉืคืชื™ื• ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ), ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน [ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื˜ ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื] ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' (ื•ืกืžื™ืš ืœื™ื” ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ, ืงืจื™ ื‘ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™: ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื•: ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื•), ืืœื ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืืžืจื” ื—ื ื” ื‘ืชืคืœืชื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ [8]:" ื•ึฐื—ึทื ึธึผื” ื”ึดื™ื ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึถึผืจึถืช ืขึทืœ ืœึดื‘ึธึผื”ึผ [ืจึทืง ืฉึฐื‚ืคึธืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื ึธึผืขื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืงื•ึนืœึธื”ึผ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึธึผืืžึตืขึท ื•ึทื™ึทึผื—ึฐืฉึฐืื‘ึถื”ึธ ืขึตืœึดื™ ืœึฐืฉึดืื›ึนึผืจึธื”";

ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืืœื”[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืคืจื˜ืช ื’ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”: " ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืขืฉื™ืช?
ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช (ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื™"ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืœืž"ื“ ืžืœื•ื™ ื”"ื™ ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืข ืœ ื”', ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืื™ื ื” ื–ื–ื” ืžืžืงื•ืžื”, ืืœื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืจืคืŸ);
ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจ: ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช. ื•ื”ื ืœื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• ืฆื“"ื™ (ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื, ื•ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึตึผืœ ืชึทึผืฆึดึผื™ืœ - ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื”)?
ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืช. ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื.
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง: "ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘" ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืฉื.
ืืš ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื—ืกืจื” ื”ืื•ืช ื˜ื™"ืช ?
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืื—ื ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘: 'ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ' ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืฉื.

ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ: "ืžื™ืชื™ื‘ื™: "ื›ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื• - ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื•" ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืืœ ืฆื“ื•ืง (ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžืคื ื™ ืื‘ืฉืœื•ื) - ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืืœ ื›ืฉืืจ ืื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืœ "ื•ืœื ืขืœืชื” ืœื•", ืฉื ืืžืจ [9] :"ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ื’ึทื ืฆึธื“ื•ึนืง ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืึดืชึผื•ึน ื ึนืฉึฐื‚ืึดื™ื ืึถืช ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฆึดึผืงื•ึผ ืึถืช ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื. ื•ึทื™ึทึผืขึทืœ ืึถื‘ึฐื™ึธืชึธืจ ืขึทื“ ืชึนึผื ื›ึธึผืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืœึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึนืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ" ื•ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื: "ื•ืฉืืœ ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœืชื” ืœื•, ื•ื ืกืชืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ึทื™ึทึผืขึทืœ ืึถื‘ึฐื™ึธืชึธืจ; ืžื“ืงืชื ื™ ื“ื‘ืขื™ ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ืืœืžื ืœื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื•, ื“ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืžื” ืœื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ)?
ืกื™ื•ืขื™ ื”ื•ื” ืžืกื™ื™ืข (ื›ื”ืŸ) ื‘ื”ื“ื™ื™ื”ื• (ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื, ื”ืœื›ืš ืื ื›ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• - ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ืื• ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื›ืฉื ืฉืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื•, ื•ืื ืœืื• - ืœื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช).

ืžื™ ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื[10] ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ "ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ืœืžืœืš:" - ืจืง ืžืœืš ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘"ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื" ืฉืขืœ ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜. ืžื ื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื–ืืช ?

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื”ื•: ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”: "ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื”ึทื›ึนึผื”ึตืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืžึนื“, ื•ึฐืฉึธืืึทืœ ืœื•ึน ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื˜ ื”ึธืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”', ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ื• ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึดืชึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” " [11]. ืžื›ืืŸ : ื”ื•ึผื - ื–ื” ืžืœืš (ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ); ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึดืชึผื•ึน - ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื— ืžืœื—ืžื” (ืžื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ืœืžืœื—ืžื”); ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” - ื–ื• ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ.

ืคืขื ื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื‘ื”ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื ื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื http://www.katif.net/art.php?id=137&table=jew1 ืฆื‘ื™ ืคื ื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืื• ื”ืžืœืš) ืฉื•ืืœ ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ืจื•ืช. ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ "ืื•ืจื™ื - ืฉืžืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื: ืชื•ืžื™ื โ€“ ืฉืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื" [12]. ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื ืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ืžื•ื‘ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ื™ ืžืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ืื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœืœ. [13]

ืื•ืœื ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื’ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜. ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื ื” ืœืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ, ื›ืฉืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ื›ื” ื‘ืœื—ืฉ, ืฉืจืง "ืฉืคืชื™ื” ื ืขื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืœื” ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข", ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื™ื›ื•ืจื”. ื—ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื”: "ืœื ืื“ื•ื ื™" ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื•ืจืžื–ื” ืœื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•. ืืœื ืขืœ "ืืฉื” ืงืฉืช ืจื•ื— ืื ื•ื›ื™". ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ : "ื›ืฉืจื”" ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื›ืฉืจื”" ืœื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ืฉืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”-ื›-ืจ-ืฉ ืžืื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืจื’ื ื–ืืช ืœ" ืฉ ื› ืจ ื”" ืืš ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื•: ืฉื–ื” ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื "ื› ืฉ ืจ ื”"

ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื›ื™ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™-ื™'ื”, ื”ื™ื• ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื’ื ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ" ื•ืกื™ื“ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื:

  • ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื , ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ , ืœื•ื™ ืจื”ื - ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื•ืฆืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืช (ืจืื• ื”ืœื•ื— ืœืžืขืœื”)
  • ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื™, ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืฆ, ื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ ื—' - ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง
  • ื“ืŸ ืง ื™ืขืง, ื ืคืชืœื™ ื‘, ื’ื“ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ - ื”ืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™
  • ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืจ , ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ - ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืคื•ืฆืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืจืื• ื”ื“ื’ืžื” ืžื˜ื”

ืžืขืฉื” ืขื›ืŸ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื™ื’ืคื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ืช "ื”ืขื™". ื•ืื– ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืขื ื ื™ื’ืฃ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื”. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื˜ืื•. ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื ื•ื›ืš ืžืชื‘ืฆืข ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš: [14]

  1. ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึปืืขึท ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ ื•ึทื™ึทึผืงึฐืจึตื‘ ืึถืช-ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืœึดืฉึฐืื‘ึธื˜ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึดึผืœึธึผื›ึตื“ ืฉึตืื‘ึถื˜ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”.
  2. ื•ึทื™ึทึผืงึฐืจึตื‘ ืึถืช-ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื—ึทืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึดึผืœึฐื›ึนึผื“ ืึตืช ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื—ึทืช ื”ึทื–ึทึผืจึฐื—ึดื™.
  3. ื•ึทื™ึทึผืงึฐืจึตื‘ ืึถืช-ืžึดืฉึฐืืคึทึผื—ึทืช ื”ึทื–ึทึผืจึฐื—ึดื™ ืœึทื’ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึดึผืœึธึผื›ึตื“ ื–ึทื‘ึฐื“ึดึผื™.
  4. ื•ึทื™ึทึผืงึฐืจึตื‘ ืึถืช-ื‘ึตึผื™ืชื•ึน ืœึทื’ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึดึผืœึธึผื›ึตื“ ืขึธื›ึธืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ-ื›ึทึผืจึฐืžึดื™ ื‘ึถืŸ-ื–ึทื‘ึฐื“ึดึผื™ ื‘ึถึผืŸ-ื–ึถืจึทื— ืœึฐืžึทื˜ึตึผื” ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”.

ืขื•ื ืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ื“:"ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึทึผื— ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึปืืขึท ืึถืช-ืขึธื›ึธืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ-ื–ึถืจึทื— ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื”ึทื›ึถึผืกึถืฃ ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื”ึธืึทื“ึถึผืจึถืช ื•ึฐืึถืช-ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทื–ึธึผื”ึธื‘ ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื‘ึธึผื ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื‘ึฐึผื ึนืชึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึถืช-ืฉืื•ึนืจื•ึน- ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื—ึฒืžึนืจื•ึน ื•ึฐืึถืช-ืฆึนืื ื•ึน ื•ึฐืึถืช-ืึธื”ึณืœื•ึน ื•ึฐืึถืช-ื›ึธึผืœ-ืึฒืฉึถืืจ-ืœื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ-ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึทึผืขึฒืœื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื ืขึตืžึถืง ืขึธื›ื•ึนืจ... ื•ึทื™ึดึผืจึฐื’ึฐึผืžื•ึผ ืึนืชื•ึน ื›ึธืœ-ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืฉึฐื‚ืจึฐืคื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื ื‘ึธึผืึตืฉื ื•ึทื™ึดึผืกึฐืงึฐืœื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื ื‘ึธึผืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื...ื›ื• ื•ึทื™ึธึผืงึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื’ึทึผืœ-ืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื ื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึถึผื” [15].

ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืžืคืจื˜ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื• ืœืฆื“ืงื” ืื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืขื•ืฉื” ื•ื›ืš ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื :"ืจืื” ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™"ื‘ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื‘ื ื• ืžื’ื‘ื™ื” ืืช ืื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื‘ื ื• ืžื›ื”ื” ืืช ืื•ืจื”. ื•ืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžื›ื”ื” ืืช ืื•ืจื”, ื•ื™ื“ืข ืฉืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืขืœ ื‘ื—ืจื ื•ื”ืคื™ืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ื ืœื›ื“ ืขื›ืŸ, ื•ืœืงื— ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืืช ืขื›ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืืช ื”ืื“ืจืช ื•ืืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื• ื•ื”ืขืœื ืœืขืžืง ืขื›ื•ืจ."

ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืคื•ื“[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื• ืœืื™ืคื•ื“ - Jewish Encyclopedia ื”ืขืœื• ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืœื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ: Matanya and FunkMonk

ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืืคื•ื“. ื•ื›ืš ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช: "ื•ื™ื›ืจืกื• ืืช ื”ื—ืฉืŸ ืžื˜ื‘ืขืชื• ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”ืืคื•ื“ ื‘ืคืชื™ืœ ืชื›ืœืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืืคื•ื“ ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื— ื”ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื“" [16]. ื•ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ืืจ: " 'ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื—' โ€“ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืโ€ฆ"

ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ื•ืขื“ื• "ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืช" ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจื›ื•ืกื™ื ื•ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื” โ€“ ื”ืืคื•ื“ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ. ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื• ื ื‘ื ืชื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืคืชื™ืœื™ื ื•ืฉืจืฉืจื•ืช โ€“ ืœืžืขืŸ "ืœื ื™ื–ื— ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื“". ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช : "ืืžืจ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ: ื”ืžื–ื™ื— ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืืคื•ื“ โ€“ ืœื•ืงื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื— ื”ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื“'.ื•ืžืงืฉื” ืจื‘ ืื—ื ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘: ื•ืฉืžื ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” โ€“ ื”ื“ืง ืื•ืชื• ื™ืคื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื–ื—โ€ฆ (ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืœืื• ืืœื ื ืชื™ื ืช ื˜ืขื).ื•ืžืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: ื•ื›ื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ 'ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื–ื—', 'ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื—' โ€“ ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื•ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ืœืื• ื’ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื).

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘"ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช" ืžื•ื ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืชืจื™"ื’ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช [17] , ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” [18] : "ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื–ื™ื— ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื“ ื•ืžืคืจืง ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื“ืจืš ืงืœืงื•ืœ (ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืงื ืŸ ื•ืœื™ืฉื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืŸ) โ€“ ืœื•ืงื”".

ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช [19] ืžืขืœื” ืชื”ื™ื” : ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืื—ืช, ื”ืงืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ: "ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”", ื•ืžื” ืจืืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื™ื—ื“ ืœืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื–ื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืืคื•ื“ ?

ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš : "ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืจืฆื” ื”' ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•, ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ), ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื”ื ืžืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ืฉื•ื ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื™ ืžื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื ืข ื•ื ื“ ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ืœื‘ื•, ืืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ".

ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ืžื“ ืืงื˜ื•ืืœื™: ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื–ื” ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื ืื•ืชื™ื ? ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืขื ื” 'ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš' ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื”. ื•ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืคื•ืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื—ื•ืœืฆืชื• ืœืžื›ื ืกื™ื• ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• (โ€ฆืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื›ืจืก ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”โ€ฆ)

ื—ื ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื˜ืขื ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื” โ€“ ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื• โ€“ ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื’ื•ืคื•.

  • ื ืฉื™ืืช ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืื” ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืจื‘ื”. ืืš ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืง ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืžืงื•ืžื• ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ืœื‘ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื”: "ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื— ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื“", ืœื‘ืœ ื™ื™ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื— ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืช ืœื‘ื• ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ื โ€“ ื—ืœื™ืœื”.
  • ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“: ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืคืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืจืžื‘"ืŸ), ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืœื‘ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ื ืชืช ืืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ืœื‘ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”'" [20] ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืืกืจ ืœื”ื–ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืืคื•ื“ ืœื‘ืœ ื™ื ืชืงื• ืฉื ื”' โ€“ ืžืœื‘ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ.

ืžื›ืคืจ ื—ื˜ืื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช "ื—ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜" ื ืกืžื›ื” ืœืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื”ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข, ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืš ืžื” ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ืคืจื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืžื›ืคืจื™ืŸ ?. ื›ืชื•ื ืช ืžื›ืคืจืช ืขืœ ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื˜ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืชื ืช ื‘ื“ื ื•ื›"ื•[21], ื•ืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืฉืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜.

ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื—ืฉืŸ ืœืืคื•ื“ ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ (ื”ืžืฉืคื˜) ืžืžื” ืฉืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืžื“ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื’ื” ืฉืคืฉื˜ื• ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื•ืœื ื ืื‘ื“ื• ื•ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืข"ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืžืก ื•ื’ื–ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ืื‘ื“ื•. ื”ื ืคืขืœื• ื”ืคื•ืš ื•ืขืฉื• ืงื•ื“ื ืืช ื”ืืคื•ื“ ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ?

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืฆื” ืœืงื“ื™ื ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืืคื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื˜ื ืข"ื– ื—ืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ. ืœื›ืš ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ื•ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืžื—ื•ืœ ื•ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืข"ื– ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขืœ ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื•ื—ืœ ื›ื™ ืื ืจืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื” ืงื•ื“ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืœืžื—ื•ืœ ื•ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื ื• ืขื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ.

ืœื•ื— ืžืกื›ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืž"ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ". ืฉื ื”ืฆืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืžืชื—ืช ืœื›ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืœืขื™ืœ

ืื‘ื ื™ "ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜" - ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžึฐืคึปืชึธึผโ€ื— ืขืœื™ื”ื,ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉืžื•ืช "ืื‘ืจื”ื", "ื™ืฆื—ืง", "ื™ืขืงื‘" ื•"ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ" - โ€ื•ืฉืžื ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื
Carnelian sard mineral specimen.jpg
Olivine peridot.jpg
USDA Mineral Quartz Crystal 93c3951.jpg
ืจ ื ื• ื‘ ืŸ - ื (ืžืชื•ืš ืื‘ืจื”ื) ืฉ ืž ืข ื• ืŸ - ื‘ (ืžืชื•ืš ืื‘ืจื”ื) ืœ ื• ื™ - ืจื”ื (ืžืชื•ืš ืื‘ืจื”ื)
ืึนื“ึถื - Carnelian sard ืคึดึผื˜ึฐื“ึธื” - (Olivine (peridot ื‘ึธืจึฐืงึทืช - Quartz Crystal
Emerald Obsidianite Jewelry 600px.jpg
Lapis-lazuli hg.jpg
Diamond.jpg
ื™ ื” ื• ื“ ื” - ื™ (ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื—ืง) ื™ ืฉ ืฉ ื› ืจ - ืฆ (ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื—ืง) ื– ื‘ ื• ืœ ื• ืŸ - ื— (ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื—ืง)
ื ึนืคึถืšึฐ - Emerald Obsidianite ืกึทืคึดึผื™ืจ - Lapis-lazuli ื™ึธื”ึฒืœึนื -Diamond
Amber hg.jpg
Turquoise pebble 700pix.jpg
800px-Agate7 hg.jpg
ื“ ืŸ - ืง (ืžืชื•ืš "ื™ืฆื—ืง" ื•ื™ืขืง (ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ) ื  ืค ืช ืœ ื™ - ื‘ (ืžืชื•ืš "ื™ืขืงื‘" ื’ ื“ - ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ (ืžืชื•ืš"ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ")
ืœึถืฉึถืื - Amber ืฉึฐืื‘ื•ึน - Turquoise ืึทื—ึฐืœึธืžึธื” -Agate
Aquamarine P1000141.jpg
Pinkmorganite.jpg
PerlmuttAusst.jpg
ื ืฉ ืจ - ื™ืฉืจ(ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ) ื• ื™ ื• ืก ืฃ ื™ - ืจืŸ (ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ) ื‘ ื  ื™ ืž ื™ ืŸ
ืชึทึผืจึฐืฉึดืื™ืฉื - Aquamarine ืฉึนืื”ึทื - Pinkmorganite ื™ึธืฉึฐืืคึตื”-PerlmuttAusst

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  1. โ†‘ ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–, ื›"ื
  2. โ†‘ ื›ืžื• "ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื• ื”'" ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื›ื“ ื˜ื•
  3. โ†‘ ืžืชื•ืš ื“ืขืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”, ื˜ื–
  4. โ†‘ ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉื• ืœืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื” - ืคืจืง ื›"ื—
  5. โ†‘ ืข"ื‘-ืข"ื’
  6. โ†‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืœ, ื—
  7. โ†‘ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–, ื›ื
  8. โ†‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื, ื™ื’
  9. โ†‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื˜ื•, ื›ื“
  10. โ†‘ ืข"ื’,ื‘'
  11. โ†‘ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–, ื›ื
  12. โ†‘ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื•ืžื ืข"ื’, ื‘
  13. โ†‘ ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื—, ืœ
  14. โ†‘ ื–' ื˜"ื–-ื™"ื—
  15. โ†‘ ื›"ื“- ื›"ื•
  16. โ†‘ ื›"ื—, ื›"ื—
  17. โ†‘ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” โ€“ ืค"ื–
  18. โ†‘ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื™', ื™'
  19. โ†‘ ื‘ืžืืžืจื•: ืœื ืœื ืชืง ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชื ืชืง !
  20. โ†‘ ื›"ื—, ืœ
  21. โ†‘ ื›"ื—, ื“'

ืจืื• ื’ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  • ื—ื•ืฉืŸ - ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืขืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื—ืจืช

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]