ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช: ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื“ืฃ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
ืž (ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช:ืžืงื•ืจ)
ย 
(4 ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 4 ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช)
ืฉื•ืจื” 1: ืฉื•ืจื” 1:
==ื”ื’ื“ืจื”==
==ื”ื’ื“ืจื”==
'''ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช''' {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื–.)}}'''.'''
'''ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช''' {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื–.|ื›ืŸ}}'''.'''


'''ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื''', ื‘ืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.
'''ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื''', ื‘ืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.


==ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื==
==ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื==
'''ื‘ื˜ืขื''' ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื™ื ื“"ื” ืขื™"ืœ)}} ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืš ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.
'''ื‘ื˜ืขื''' ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื™ื ื“"ื” ืขื™"ืœ|ื›ืŸ}} ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืš ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.


'''ื‘ืžื”ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”''' ื—ืงืจ ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ืžื“ื•ืช {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื‘)}} ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืคืจื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.
'''ื‘ืžื”ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”''' ื—ืงืจ ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ืžื“ื•ืช {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘|ื›ืŸ}} ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืคืจื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.


==ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ==
==ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ==
'''ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ''', ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—"ื ื™ื—)}}:
'''ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ''', ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—"ื ื™ื—|ื›ืŸ}}:
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืฉืžื™ื˜ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื|ื”ืฉืžื˜ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื]].
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืฉืžื™ื˜ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื|ื”ืฉืžื˜ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื]].
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืžืชื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื]] (ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘[[ืขื ื™|ืขื ื™ื™ื]]), ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืกื•ืจ ืœ[[ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ]] ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืžืชื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื]] (ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘[[ืขื ื™|ืขื ื™ื™ื]]), ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืกื•ืจ ืœ[[ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ]] ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.
ืฉื•ืจื” 18: ืฉื•ืจื” 18:
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ื™ื‘ื•ื]] ื•[[ื—ืœื™ืฆื”]], ืฉืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ืœ[[ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”]].
@ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ื™ื‘ื•ื]] ื•[[ื—ืœื™ืฆื”]], ืฉืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ืœ[[ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”]].


'''[[ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”]]''', ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืฉื” [[ืกื•ื›ื”]] ืžื‘ืจืš "ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”", ื”ืขื•ืฉื” [[ืœื•ืœื‘]] ืžื‘ืจืš "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื•ืœื‘", ื•ื›ืŸ [[ืžื–ื•ื–ื”]], [[ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ]] ื•[[ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช]] {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื˜-ื’)}}.
'''[[ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”]]''', ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืฉื” [[ืกื•ื›ื”]] ืžื‘ืจืš "ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”", ื”ืขื•ืฉื” [[ืœื•ืœื‘]] ืžื‘ืจืš "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื•ืœื‘", ื•ื›ืŸ [[ืžื–ื•ื–ื”]], [[ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ]] ื•[[ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช]] {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื˜-ื’|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''[[ืžื ื”ื’]]''', ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ื”ืœืœ]] ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ - ืœ[[ืจ"ืช]] ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœ[[ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ืจื™]] ืœื {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื“. ื“"ื” ื™ืžื™ื)}}.
'''[[ืžื ื”ื’]]''', ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ื”ืœืœ]] ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ - ืœ[[ืจ"ืช]] ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœ[[ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ืจื™]] ืœื {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื“. ื“"ื” ื™ืžื™ื|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช''', ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื˜ืฃ. ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ืœื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืžืคืจืข (ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืจืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”), ืื• ืจืง ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืž)}}.
'''ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช''', ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื˜ืฃ. ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ืœื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืžืคืจืข (ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืจืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”), ืื• ืจืง ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืž|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืขืฉื™ื''' (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”|ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜]] ื›ืžื” [[ื‘ื”ืžื”|ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช]] ื™ื—ื“) - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื•ืจืง ืื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ื“, ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื—ื“, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื‘ืืจ)}}.
'''ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืขืฉื™ื''' (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ [[ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”|ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜]] ื›ืžื” [[ื‘ื”ืžื”|ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช]] ื™ื—ื“) - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื•ืจืง ืื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ื“, ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื—ื“, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื‘ืืจ|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”''', ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืืขืค"ื› ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื•ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื™ื ื“"ื” ื•ื™"ืœ ื“ื–"ืค)}} ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” [[ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื]], ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” [[ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ]] ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืืš ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.
'''ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”''', ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืืขืค"ื› ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื•ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื™ื ื“"ื” ื•ื™"ืœ ื“ื–"ืค|ื›ืŸ}} ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” [[ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื]], ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” [[ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ]] ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืืš ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.


==ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช==
==ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช==
'''ื‘ืจื›ืช [[ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ]]''' ืžื‘ืจืš ื’ื ืื ืœื ื™ืžืฆื ื—ืžืฅ - ื•ื—ืงืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืฆืžื” (ื•ืœื ื”[[ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ|ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ]]), ืื• ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ, ืืš ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื’)}}.
'''ื‘ืจื›ืช [[ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ]]''' ืžื‘ืจืš ื’ื ืื ืœื ื™ืžืฆื ื—ืžืฅ - ื•ื—ืงืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืฆืžื” (ื•ืœื ื”[[ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ|ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ]]), ืื• ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ, ืืš ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื’|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”''' - ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—]] {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื— ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•)}}.
'''ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”''' - ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—]] {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื— ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•|ื›ืŸ}}.


'''[[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”]]''' - ื—ืงืจื• ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฆื“ื“ื™ื:
'''[[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”]]''' - ื—ืงืจื• ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฆื“ื“ื™ื:
@ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— - ืขืœ ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชืœ-ื [ื”] ื“"ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ื)}}.
@ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— - ืขืœ ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชืœ-ื [ื”] ื“"ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ื|ื›ืŸ}}.
@ [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช]] - ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—"ื ื˜ื–-ื ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื– ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื—ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื—"ื ื-ืกื ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื”)}}.
@ [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช]] - ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—"ื ื˜ื–-ื ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื– ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื—ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื—"ื ื-ืกื ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื”|ื›ืŸ}}.
@ [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ]] - ืขืœ ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ (ื“"ื” ื•ืขื•ื“) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ)}}.
@ [[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ]] - ืขืœ ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ (ื“"ื” ื•ืขื•ื“) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ)}}.


'''[[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸ]]''' - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— {{ืžืงื•ืจ|(ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื–, ืžื ื—ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื—-ื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื”)}}.
'''[[ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸ]]''' - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื–, ืžื ื—ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื—-ื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื”|ื›ืŸ}}.


==ืจืื” ื’ื==
==ืจืื” ื’ื==
ืฉื•ืจื” 45: ืฉื•ืจื” 45:
* [[ืกืคืง ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช]]
* [[ืกืคืง ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช]]


[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช|*]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช]]

ื’ืจืกื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžึพ11:44, 5 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2012

ื”ื’ื“ืจื”[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช (ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื–.).

ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ื˜ืขื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื™ื ื“"ื” ืขื™"ืœ) ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืš ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.

ื‘ืžื”ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื—ืงืจ ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ืžื“ื•ืช (ื‘) ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืคืจื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—"ื ื™ื—):

  1. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื˜ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื.
  2. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืชื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื (ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื), ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืกื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.
  3. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืื” ืžืชื•ืš ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช.
  4. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.
  5. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืœื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืชื ื•ืช ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืืœื ืžืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื–ื›ื•.
  6. ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ื—ืœื™ืฆื”, ืฉืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ืœืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”.

ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื›ื” ืžื‘ืจืš "ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”", ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื•ืœื‘ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื•ืœื‘", ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื–ื”, ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื˜-ื’).

ืžื ื”ื’, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ - ืœืจ"ืช ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ืจื™ ืœื (ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื“. ื“"ื” ื™ืžื™ื).

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื˜ืฃ. ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ืœื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืžืคืจืข (ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืจืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”), ืื• ืจืง ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš (ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืž).

ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืขืฉื™ื (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ื›ืžื” ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื™ื—ื“) - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื•ืจืง ืื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ื“, ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื—ื“, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช (ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื‘ืืจ).

ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืืขืค"ื› ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื•ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื™ื ื“"ื” ื•ื™"ืœ ื“ื–"ืค) ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืืš ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ ืžื‘ืจืš ื’ื ืื ืœื ื™ืžืฆื ื—ืžืฅ - ื•ื—ืงืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืฆืžื” (ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ), ืื• ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ, ืืš ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื” (ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื’).

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื” - ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— (ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื— ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•).

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” - ื—ืงืจื• ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฆื“ื“ื™ื:

  1. ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— - ืขืœ ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชืœ-ื [ื”] ื“"ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ื).
  2. ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช - ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” (ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื—"ื ื˜ื–-ื ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืžื– ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื—ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื—"ื ื-ืกื ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื”).
  3. ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ - ืขืœ ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ (ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ (ื“"ื” ื•ืขื•ื“) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ).

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸ - ื—ืงืจื• ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— (ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื–, ืžื ื—ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื—-ื ื“"ื” ื•ื ืจืื”).

ืจืื” ื’ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]