ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช: ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื“ืฃ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
(ืคืกืงื ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ: ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช)
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(9 ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืื—ืจ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช)
ืฉื•ืจื” 2: ืฉื•ืจื” 2:
==ืžืงื•ืจ==
==ืžืงื•ืจ==
ื‘[[ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื]] ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื˜ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ืขื ื—ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื
ื‘[[ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื]] ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื˜ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ืขื ื—ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื
{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืœืžืœื›ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื ื‘ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ื•ื™ื—ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื” ื“ื™ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืจ}} (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ ื›ื” ื)
{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืœืžืœื›ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื ื‘ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ื•ื™ื—ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื” ื“ื™ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืจ}} (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ ื›ื” ื). ืžืฆื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื’ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื›ืื—ื“ ืž[[ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ]] ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื ื™ื‘ื [[ื–ื›ืจื™ื”]] {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœืžืขื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืื”ื‘ื•}} (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื—,ื™ื˜). ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ื ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื•- ืžื•ืช [[ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ]] ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช.
. ืžืฆื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื’ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื›ืื—ื“ ืž[[ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ]] ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื ื™ื‘ื [[ื–ื›ืจื™ื”]] {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœืžืขื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืื”ื‘ื•}} (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื—,ื™ื˜). ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ื ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื•- ืžื•ืช [[ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ]] ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช.
==ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ื==
ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš- ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื [[ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘]]. ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืžื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœื•, ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช. ื‘ืฆื•ื ื–ื” ืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืžืชื•ื›ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื™ืกื•ื“.
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[[ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงื•ืง]] ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื•: ื) ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื โ€“ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื‘) ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžื™ืชืช ืขื–ืจื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืื“ื™ืจื” ืชื•ืš ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ. ื’) ืœืขื•ืžืช ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืžืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื“ื‘ืงื• ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื.
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==ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ==
==ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ==
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ืฉื•ืจื” 29: ืฉื•ืจื” 33:
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ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”. ืขื–ืจื ืชื™ืงืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื“ืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื ืช [[ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”]]. ื”ื’ืžืจื {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ื• ื˜|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื˜ื•|ื}} ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื [[ืžืœืื›ื™]] ื›ืš ืฉืขื–ืจื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืžืงื™ืžื™ ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ื’ื ืœืขื–ืจื ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืžืจื "ื›ืฉื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื” ืขื–ืจื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื™ืกื“ื”" {{#makor-new:ืกื•ื›ื” ื› ื|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืกื•ื›ื”|ื›|ื}} ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•.
ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”. ืขื–ืจื ืชื™ืงืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื“ืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื ืช [[ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”]]. ื”ื’ืžืจื {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ื• ื|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื˜ื•|ื}} ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื [[ืžืœืื›ื™]] ื›ืš ืฉืขื–ืจื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืžืงื™ืžื™ ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ื’ื ืœืขื–ืจื ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืžืจื "ื›ืฉื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื” ืขื–ืจื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื™ืกื“ื”" {{#makor-new:ืกื•ื›ื” ื› ื|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืกื•ื›ื”|ื›|ื}} ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• {{#makor-new:ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื ื‘|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ|ื›ื|ื‘}}.
==ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช==
==ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช==
{{ืขืจืš ืžื•ืจื—ื‘|ืขืจืš=[[ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื]]}}
ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉ{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ื ืœืขื•ืœื}} ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข: ื‘ื—' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื {{#makor-new:ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืค ื‘|ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ-ืขืจื•ืš-ืื•ืจื—-ื—ื™ื™ื|ืชืงืค|ื‘}}. ื”ื’ืžืจื {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ ื|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื˜|ื}} ืžืคืจื˜ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื”: {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ืชื ื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื›ื™ื ืก ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืžื” ื›ื ืกื, ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื›ื, ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ืœื“ืขื” ืื—ืช ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื•}}. ย 
ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉ{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ื ืœืขื•ืœื}} ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข: ื‘ื—' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื {{#makor-new:ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืค ื‘|ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ-ืขืจื•ืš-ืื•ืจื—-ื—ื™ื™ื|ืชืงืค|ื‘}}. ื”ื’ืžืจื {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ ื|ื‘ื‘ืœื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื˜|ื}} ืžืคืจื˜ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื”: {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ืชื ื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื›ื™ื ืก ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืžื” ื›ื ืกื, ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื›ื, ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ืœื“ืขื” ืื—ืช ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื•}}. ย 
ื‘[[ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื]] ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืš "ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืชืจื’ื ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื”" ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื’ื ื”ืฆืขืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืœืš: "ื•ืžืœืš ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื ืกื ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืช ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช". ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ื•ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื—ืœื—ืœ ืื– ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžื ื•ื›ืจ ื•"ืืงื“ืžื™" ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš.
ื‘[[ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื]] ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืš "ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืชืจื’ื ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื”" ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื’ื ื”ืฆืขืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืœืš: "ื•ืžืœืš ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื ืกื ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืช ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช". ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ื•ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื—ืœื—ืœ ืื– ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžื ื•ื›ืจ ื•"ืืงื“ืžื™" ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš.
==ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื ืจืฆื—ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”==
ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื•ืชื™ืงื ื”, ืฉืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื›ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืฉืœื ื ื•ื“ืข ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื.
ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื›ื ืกืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื‘ื›"ื– ื ื™ืกืŸ, ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื”ืœื›ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืชื›ื˜, ื‘) ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื—ื ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื• ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื•ืื ืื™ืจืขื” ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืกืคื“ื™ื. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื ืฉืžื•ืช (ืž"ื‘ ืชื›ื˜, ื—). ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ืืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืœืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื™ื•ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืื”.
==ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™==
ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฆื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืชืงืœื— ื‘ืžื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช, ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืชื—ื ื•ืŸ. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืœื›ื ื•, ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืืš ืžืฉืžื™ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื.
ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื' ื•ืืช 'ืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ' ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืฆืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ ื”ื—ื–ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืคืœืœื• ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื”. ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ืžื•ืงื“ื, ืืš ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขื•ื’ื” ืื• ืฉืืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคื— ืฉืœ ื›[[ื–ื™ืช]] ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ [[ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกืขื•ื“ื”]].
==ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช==
==ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช==
ื”[[ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ]] {{#makor-new:ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงื |ื‘ื™ืช-ื™ื•ืกืฃ-ืื•ืจื—-ื—ื™ื™ื|ืชืงื |null}} ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืฉืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืœื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”". ืืžื ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœื ืžืฆื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืื›ืŸ ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉ [[ืจืฉ"ื™]] {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื” ื|ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื-ืจืฉ"ื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื”|ื}} ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื ื“ื—ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืš ื’ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื“ื—ื”. ย 
ื”[[ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ]] {{#makor-new:ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงื |ื‘ื™ืช-ื™ื•ืกืฃ-ืื•ืจื—-ื—ื™ื™ื|ืชืงื |null}} ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืฉืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืœื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”". ืืžื ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœื ืžืฆื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืื›ืŸ ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉ [[ืจืฉ"ื™]] {{#makor-new:ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื” ื|ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื-ืจืฉ"ื™-ืžื’ื™ืœื”|ื”|ื}} ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื ื“ื—ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืš ื’ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื“ื—ื”. ย 


ื”[[ื’ืจ"ื—]] ื›ืชื‘ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”[[ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš]] ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ืืœื ืจืง ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™" {{#makor-new:ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื™ื˜|ืชื "ืš-ื–ื›ืจื™ื”|ื—|ื™ื˜}}. ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžื ื’ื“, ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”" ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.
ื”[[ื’ืจ"ื—]] ื›ืชื‘ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”[[ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš]] ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ืืœื ืจืง ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™" {{#makor-new:ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื™ื˜|ืชื "ืš-ื–ื›ืจื™ื”|ื—|ื™ื˜}}. ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžื ื’ื“, ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”" ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.
==ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™==
==ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช==
ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฆื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืชืงืœื— ื‘ืžื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช, ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ืžื•ืงื“ื, ืืš ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
* [[ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฆื•ืžื•ืช]]


== ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ==
== ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ==
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* [https://www.yeshiva.org.il/midrash/4248 ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•] ืžืืช [[ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“]]
ย 
* [https://www.yeshiva.org.il/article/132 ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™] ืžืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื“ื“ ืžื™ืœืจ
* [https://www.yeshiva.org.il/midrash/category/325 ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™] ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื”ืฉื•ืื”]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื”ืฉื•ืื”]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืฆื•ืžื•ืช|ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืฆื•ืžื•ืช|ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช]]

ื’ืจืกื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžึพ16:09, 30 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2025

ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื”ืฆื•ื ื ืชืงืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ ืฉืฆืจ ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื•- ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืื” ืฉืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื ืœื ื ื•ื“ืข.

ืžืงื•ืจ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื˜ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ืขื ื—ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืœืžืœื›ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื ื‘ื›ื“ื ืืฆืจ ืžืœืš ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ื•ื™ื—ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื” ื“ื™ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืจ" (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ ื›ื” ื). ืžืฆื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื’ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื ื™ื‘ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื” "ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœืžืขื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืื”ื‘ื•" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื—,ื™ื˜). ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ื ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื•- ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš- ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘. ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืžื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœื•, ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช. ื‘ืฆื•ื ื–ื” ืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืžืชื•ื›ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื™ืกื•ื“.

ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงื•ืง ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื•: ื) ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื โ€“ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื‘) ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžื™ืชืช ืขื–ืจื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืื“ื™ืจื” ืชื•ืš ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ. ื’) ืœืขื•ืžืช ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืžืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื“ื‘ืงื• ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื.

ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืื–ื›ืจื” ืžืฆื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืงืจืื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœื

ืื–ื›ืจื” ืžืฆื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืงืจืื ื™, ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื›ื ื™
ื’ื“ืขื ื™, ื”ื ื™ืื ื™, ื”ื›ืื ื™, ืืš ืขืชื” ื”ืœืื ื™.
ื“ืขื›ื ื™ ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื• ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืœื ืฉืœืฉืชืŸ ืงื‘ืขืชื™ ืชืขื ื™ืช
ื•ืžืœืš ื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืกื ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืจืฉื• ื—ื•ืจืฉื™ื, ื”ืืจื™ื›ื• ืžืขื ื™ืช.
ื–ื•ืขืžืชื™ ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ืœืžื” ื•ื—ืคืจ, ื—ืฉืš ืžืขืœื™ ืžืขื™ืœ ื”ื•ื“ ื•ืฆืคืจ
ื˜ืจื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื•ืชื ืืžืจื™ ืฉืคืจ, ื”ื•ื ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ.
ื™ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ืžื•ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”, ื›ืชื‘ ืœืš ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื—ื–ื”
ืœื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืขื ื ืžืก ื•ื ื‘ื–ื”, ืืช ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
ืžื ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื• ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื ื”ื™ ื•ื™ืœืœ ื‘ืžื• ืคื™ื• ืืคืขื™ืจ
ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืคืจืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื‘ื‘ื™ ื™ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื‘ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ ืœืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ.
ืขืœ ืืœื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืื‘ืœ ื–ืจื™ืชื™, ืคืฆืชื™ ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืขืชืŸ ืœื• ื—ืฅ ื‘ืœื‘ื™ ืžืจื™ืชื™
ืฆืจื•ืช ืข ืœืืœื” ื‘ืœ ืœื™ ื›ืจื™ืชื™, ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื•ื ื”' ื›ื™ ืคื™ื”ื• ืžืจื™ืชื™.
ืงืจืืชื™ ืฉืžืš ืžืชื ื—ื ืขืœ ืจืขืชื™, ืจืื” ืขื ื™ื™ ื•ืฉืžืข ืงื•ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขืชื™
ืฉืžืข ืชื—ื™ื ืชื™ ื—ื™ืฉ ื ื ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื™, ืืœ ืชืขืœื ืื–ื ืš ืœืจื•ื—ืชื™ ืœืฉื•ืขืชื™.
ื™ืจื— ื˜ื‘ืช ืžืื“ ืœืงื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•, ื•ื ืฉืชื ื• ืขืœื™ ืกื“ืจ ื ืชื™ื ื•
ืกืจืจืชื™ ืคืฉืขืชื™ ื™ื’ืœื” ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•, ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืคื” ืชื‘ื•ื.

ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช

ืžื•ืช ืขื–ืจื ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”. ืขื–ืจื ืชื™ืงืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื“ืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ื• ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืœืื›ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืขื–ืจื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืžืงื™ืžื™ ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ื’ื ืœืขื–ืจื ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืžืจื "ื›ืฉื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื” ืขื–ืจื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื™ืกื“ื”" ืกื•ื›ื” ื› ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื ื‘.

ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืจืš ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ - ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื

ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉ"ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ื ืœืขื•ืœื" ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข: ื‘ื—' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืค ื‘. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜ ื ืžืคืจื˜ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื”: "ืชื ื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืชืœืžื™ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื›ื™ื ืก ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืžื” ื›ื ืกื, ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื›ื, ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ืœื“ืขื” ืื—ืช ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื•". ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืš "ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืชืจื’ื ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื”" ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื’ื ื”ืฆืขืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืœืš: "ื•ืžืœืš ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื ืกื ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืช ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช". ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืคื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ื•ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื—ืœื—ืœ ืื– ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžื ื•ื›ืจ ื•"ืืงื“ืžื™" ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš.

ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื ืจืฆื—ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื•ืชื™ืงื ื”, ืฉืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื›ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืฉืœื ื ื•ื“ืข ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื.

ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื›ื ืกืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื‘ื›"ื– ื ื™ืกืŸ, ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื”ืœื›ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืชื›ื˜, ื‘) ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื—ื ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื• ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื•ืื ืื™ืจืขื” ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืกืคื“ื™ื. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื ืฉืžื•ืช (ืž"ื‘ ืชื›ื˜, ื—). ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ืืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืœืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื™ื•ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืื”.

ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฆื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืชืงืœื— ื‘ืžื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช, ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืชื—ื ื•ืŸ. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืœื›ื ื•, ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืืš ืžืฉืžื™ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื.

ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื' ื•ืืช 'ืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ' ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืฆืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ ื”ื—ื–ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืคืœืœื• ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื”. ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ืžื•ืงื“ื, ืืš ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขื•ื’ื” ืื• ืฉืืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคื— ืฉืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกืขื•ื“ื”.

ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงื  ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืฉืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืœื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”". ืืžื ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœื ืžืฆื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืื›ืŸ ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื” ื ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื ื“ื—ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืš ื’ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ื“ื—ื”.

ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื›ืชื‘ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ืืœื ืจืง ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™" ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื™ื˜. ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉื”ืฆื•ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžื ื’ื“, ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”" ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]