ืฉื™ื—ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉ:ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืžืจ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ืฉืœื•ื ืจื‘!

ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžืชืš ืœื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ื ื’ืฉืช ื•ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืžื—ืงื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื—ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื, ื•ืืชื” ืžื•ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื”ื ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื”. ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื ื•.

ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”,--Wikiboss (ืฉื™ื—ื”) 20:55, 24 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 2022 (UTC)

ืžื—ื™ืงืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื "ื™, ืฉืœื•' ื•ื‘ืจื›ื”.

ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื ื!!

ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื™ื“ ืžื™ ื‘ื›ืš, ืืš ืฆืจ ืœื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืงืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื’ืข. ื›ืœ ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืžืžื›ื ื”ืขืœื• ืชื•ื”ื•.

ื”ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืืœื™- ื›'ืœื ืชืืžื”' ืœืžื—ื™ืงื”.

ื•ื›ืžืฉืœ ืืคื ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื™ื ืจืง ื›ืœืคื™ ืขืฆืžื™, ื™ืฉื ื” ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืขืจื›ืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ื” ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืขืฆืžื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื›ืชื‘ "ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš" ื ื›ืชื‘ "ื‘ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื•ืš" ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืžื™ื“ ื•ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื ื›ื ืกื•!

ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช 'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ืืฃ ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงืจื” ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžื—ื™ืงืช ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื˜ืขื•ืชื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืขืฆืžื” ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืขื ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืขื ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื ืฉืืจื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžืงืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื”- ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ืข ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆื ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ- ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื ืžื—ืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ืฉืžื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ืงืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ืžืžืขืฉื” ืฉื›ื–ื”? ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื”ืขื“ืคืชื™ ืื•ืžื ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘'ื•ื•ืจื“' ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉื‘ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขืžื“ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™ืช, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกืคืชื™ ื•ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืขืชืงื” ืœ'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ื•ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ืขื“ ื›ื”.

ื”ืขื“ืคืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื›ื™ ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื” ื”ืชืคืœืืชื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ืขืœ ืืฃ ืžืฆื‘ื ื›ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืื™ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืกื“ืจ ืื•ืชื ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืชืžื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. ื“ื™ืงื ื›ืืŸ, ืฉื”ืกื›ืžืชื™ ื•ืžืกื›ื™ื ืื ื›ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืจื›ืชื™ ื•ื›ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ- ืœืคืชืข ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ื’ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืืช ืฉืจืฉืžืชื™ ืืช ืฉืจืฉืžืชื™ ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื’ืข.

ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืื ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื” ืœื ืขืœื•ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ืืฉ ื’ื ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ืœื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ 'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ืžืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืงื•ืจื” ืœื™ ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืชื™, ืืš ื›ืžื• ืœื ืœ"ืคื—ื– ื›ืžื™ื" ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืงื” ื›ื–ื• ื—ื˜ื•ืคื” ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืขื•ื“- ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ืœืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ืืš ืœืžื•ืฆืื ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ืชื•ื“ื” ืžืจืืฉ.

ื .ื‘. ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืœื™ ื‘ืžื™ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื•ื ืžื—ืงื•? ืกืœื™ื—ื”.

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืžืจ (ืฉื™ื—ื”) 19:32, 5 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2022 (IDT)

ืฉืœื•ื ืจื‘!

ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืงื” ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืชืจืขื” ืžืจืืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืจืžื” ืืœื™ื” ืื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืืš ืื ื• ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื’ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื—ื™ืงืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืœื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืš. ืื ื™ ืžืฆืจืฃ ืœืš ื›ืืŸ ืœืžื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ืช, ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืื•ืชื ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ. ืืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื’ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืขืจืš ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื“ืจืฉื ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืชืจืฆื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืจืš ื›ืืŸ.

ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”,--Wikiboss (ืฉื™ื—ื”) 21:05, 6 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2022 (IDT)

ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœ (=ืขื™ืจืืง)[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื“ื•ืจ ืขื“ "ืœึฐืฉึตืืฉึฐืื‘ึทึผืฆึทึผืจ ื”ึทื ึธึผืฉึดื‚ื™ื ืœึดื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธึฝื”", ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืฉึตืืฉึฐืื‘ึทึผืฆึทึผืจ ื”ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื (ืขื–ืจื ื' ื—') ืžืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ , ื ืืกืจื” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ (ืžืก' ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื™"ื.) "ืขึทื“ ื›ึดึผึฝื™ ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืฉึดืื™ืœึนื”" ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืืฉืจ "ืœื•ึน ื™ึดืงึฐึผื”ึทืช ืขึทืžึดึผึฝื™ื". ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื›ืš, ืื–ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื™ืฉืืจ ืงื™ื•ื ืœืคืกื•ืง (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื˜ ื™'): "ืœึนึฝื ื™ึธืกื•ึผืจ ืฉึตืื‘ึถื˜ ืžึดึฝื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ื›ื•'", ืœื›ืŸ, ืžืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื‘ื” ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ืฉืœืฉืœืช ืžืœื›ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืคืฉื˜ื• ืฆื•ืจืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืชืžื•ืจืชื” ืœื‘ืฉื• ืฆื•ืจืช ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืฉืคืชื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื•: "ืœื ื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืฉืจืจื” ืžื•ืขื˜ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืชื ื”ื’ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื ืฉื™ืœื” ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื ืงื˜ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืชืžื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื" ืขื›ืœ"ืง.

ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืืš ืื™ืœื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื›ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื›ืกื™ืกื™ ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืžืžืฉ ื•ืœื ืžืžื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืืช ื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื, ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืš ื—"ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคืจืงื™ื: ื‘' ื’' ื”' ื—'): "ืึดื ืชึธึผืขึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดื ืชึฐึผืขื•ึนืจึฐืจื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืืชึถึผื—ึฐืคึธึผืฅ", ืื•ืžื ื, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื›ืŸ ืฉืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื›ืš ื‘ื“ื ืงื ืขืกืงื™ื ืŸ, ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“[1].

ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืื‘ ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื ื“ื•ืš, ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืงืจื "ื ืฉื™ื" ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืื•ืชื” ืฉืœืฉืœืช.

ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืื•ืชื• ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš โ€“ ืกื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื ื“ื•ืš, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื”ื™ื” ืžืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืจื›ืจืชื• ื”ืžืขื•ื˜ืจืช ืœืจื›ื‘ ืžื”ืชื ืœื”ื›ื ื•ืžื”ื›ื ืœื”ืชื, ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื™ื• ืคื ื™ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืกืจื• ืœืžืจื•ืชื• ื•ืœืคืกืงื™ื• ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื•ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื›ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ื” ืœื• ื›ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืขื•ื– ืžื™ืžื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืจื” ื•ื”ืงืฉื”, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš, ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื›ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื• ืฉืœื˜ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ ืฉืฉืžืจ ืขืœ ืžืกื•ืจืชื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื—ื›ื ื”ื ืงืจื "ื—ื›ื ื‘ืืฉื™", ื—ื›ื ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื’ื 'ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช'. ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื™ืจืช ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉื™ื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืจื›ืจืชื• ืคื•ืฆื—ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืงื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืชื ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“".

ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื“"ืจื™ื (ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ) ืืฉืจ ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื‘ืจืจ ืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช, ื’ื ืขื“ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื–, ืจื™ืคืช ื•ืชื•ื’ืจืžื”, ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ื ื• ืขื™ืžื ื• ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•"ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™ ื•ืงื™ื™ื" ืขืžื ื• ื›ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืชื‘ืœ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืืฉืจ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืœืžื” ื™ืฆื—ืงื™ ื–"ืœ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื˜ ื™') ืžืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ื‘ื–ื”"ืœ: "ืœื ื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ืžื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื™ืœืš ืืœื• ืจืืฉื™ ื’ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื”'.), ืฉืจื•ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜, ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช".

ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ืขื–ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืœื ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ืžื— ืืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื ื”ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ื’ื ื‘ื›ื™ื ื• ื‘ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื ืฉืืจื” ื‘ื‘ืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ืงื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืจ ื•ื”ื ืžื”ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื™ื•ื ื˜' ื‘ืื‘- ื—ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืฉืจืฃ ื›ืขืช ืžื•ืœื•.

ื›ืš ื—ืฉื• ืฉื ื”ื“ืง ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืฉืžืข ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื“ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื”, ื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืœืืกืฃ" ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื•ืคืช ืฆื•ืฃ ืืžืจื•ืชื™ื• ืžื”ื™ ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ืืžืชื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืžืฆืขืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื•ืื›ืŸ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื–ื“ืขื–ืข ืขื“ ืขืžืงื™ ื ืฉืžืชื• ื”ืฆืžืื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืืœื•. ื”ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื›ืš, ื›ืืจื™ ืขืœื” ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืกื‘ื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื’ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉื” ื‘"ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื›ื-ื‘ืจื•ืš-ืžืขืœื ื—ืชื ื ื“ืฉืœืฉืœืชื ืืฉืจ ืœืฉืืœืช ืฉืœื•ืžื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื›ื™ "ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช", ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืฆืขืจื• ื‘ืžื™ืœืชื ื“ืขืœืžื ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื• ืืฉืจ ืงื™ืฉืจ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžื•ืคื ื” ื›ืœ ืฆืขืจื• ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื- ืื– ื”ื™ืืš ื•ื‘ืžื” ื™ืชื ื—ื ื•ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœืชื• ืื ื—ืชื• ืœื™ืื•ืฉ ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืชื—ืชื™ื•ืช. ืœื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื ืขื ืงื™ ืจื•ื— ืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืœืœื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ืืฉืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื›ื ื™ืกืชื ืืœ ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฆืขืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืื” ืื›ืŸ ื ื›ื“ื• ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืขืœื ื–ืฆืœืœื”"ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื“ื™ืงื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื“ื ืžืกืคืจ "ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืœืืกืฃ" ื”ื ื–' ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื›ืš ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืฉื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ื–ื”- "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”".

ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช, ื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื”ื ืฉื™ื. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื›ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ.

ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืื ื•, ื™ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืชืจื•ืงื ื” ื‘ื‘ืœ ืžื›ืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื”, ื–ืงื ื™ื ืขื ื ืขืจื™ื ืขื–ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจื•ื” ืขืจื•ืžื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ืื ื• ื‘ืขืจื’ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื“ื ืฉื, ื”ืœื•ื ื”ื ื”ืžื” ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื™ืชืชื ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื™ ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช, ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืžื” ืขื•ื“ื ืฉืžื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื.

ื•ืื ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื ืจืื™ื ืฉื- ืื– ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื ื•ืชื ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ[2], ื”ืŸ ื™ื“ ืืฉืจ ื ื’ืขื” ืฉื ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•- ืœื ื–ื–ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืจ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ืคื’ืขื” ื‘ื” ื™ื“ ื”' ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื—ืœ . ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ื›ืขืช ืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื”ื, ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื. ื”ื™ืืš ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ื• ื”ื™ืชืœ ื‘ื ื• ืื ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื›ื™ ืžื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืจื‘ื• ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืงื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืข"ื” ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ืžืขืžื ื• ื•ืขืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ "ืžืจืื•ืช ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ" ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื–ื”. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืงื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ- ื”ื™ืชื” ืืชื ื—ืชื ืžื˜ื”ืจืช ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœื ืคืฉ, ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจ, ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื ื”ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ืžืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœ ื’ืŸ ื”ืขื“ืŸ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ื ื”ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื“ืงืœ ืฉืขืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ืืฉืจ ืœืžืจื’ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื ืงื‘ืจ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ, ืืœื™ื• ืคื ื” ืœืœื›ืช, ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืœืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื ื ื”ื‘ื"ื—, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื›ืฉื–ื” ืืจืข, ืื–ื™ ืื ืื ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข ืœืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื’ืจื™ื“ื, ื ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืžื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉื ืช ื”-ืช"ืง ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื ืกื™ื ืžื ื—ื ื’ื‘ืื™ ื•ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ, ืื•ื”ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื• ื ื›ืœืœ ืืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืข"ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ืงื‘ื•ืข. ืžืขืฉื” ื ืฆื— ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืจื˜ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืขืœ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืžื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.

ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื–ื›ืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ื ืขืœื™ ืกืคืจ ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื•ืชื™ื•, ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื", ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืขื–ืจื ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื ืžืฆื ืืฃ ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›'ืจืืฉ ืžืขืœืช ืชื”ื™ืœืช ืขื˜ืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ื ืขืœื” ืœืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืชื”ื™ืœื” ื›ื”"ืจ ืžืฉื” ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืฆ"ื• ื•ื›ื•' ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ื ืขืœื” ืœืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืชื”ื™ืœื” ื›ื”"ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื ืกื™ื ื™ืฆ"ื•'.

ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื” ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืจื“ื™ืคื•ืช.

ืืฃ ืื—ืช ืœื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืคื•ืจืฆืช ืžื’ืคืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืคื™ืœื” ื—ืœืœื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ ื”ืขื.

ืืš ืขื ื›ืœ ื“ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื”ืฉืชืงืžื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืงืข ื‘ื” ื›ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.

ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืง"ื‘ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืง"ื’ ืคื’ืขื” ืื—ืช ืžืžื’ืคื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื ืคืœื• ืื– ื—ืœืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืชืื ื™ื” ื•ืื ื™ื” ื ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื‘ืจ ื•ืคื™ื ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืœ.

ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืœืœื” ืื ื“ืจืœืžื•ืกื™ื” ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ืคื™ืœื” ื—ืœืœื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘. ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืžื’ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื, ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืžื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ืจืื”, ืจืืฉื™ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื• ื ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืคื” ืืฉืจ ื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื ืืžืจ ื•ืขืฉื”, ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ืขื•ืงืจ ื”ืจื™ื ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื”. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื”. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื“ื ื• ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืชื•.

ืืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืชื•ืจื”. ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืœื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช- ืื™ื ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ื•ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืืฉ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืื–ื™ ื”ื™ืืš ื”ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื• ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืฉืœื— ืœื‘ืขืœ "ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื”" ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืคืืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ืจืืฉ ืจื‘ื ื™ ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ืืจื-ืฆื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื ื—ืืœื‘ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืœื”, ื‘ื” ืชื™ืืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ืจื•ื“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ื—ืคื•ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืœื— ืœื”ื ืชื™ื›ืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืฆื“ื™ืง, ืžืขื™ืจื•, ืขื ืง-ืจื•ื— ื›ื–ื” ืฉื›ื•ื—ื• ื‘ืžื•ืชื ื™ื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื“ืช ืขืœ ืชื™ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืจืคื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืคืฆืขื™ ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืœืคืชืข ืืฃ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ. ืื›ืŸ ืžื™ื”ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืคืืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ื•ืคื ื” ืืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืกืขื“ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืืฉืจ ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื“ื•ืจื• "ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืจืคื™ ืžืขืœื”" ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื” ืจื‘ืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช.

ื›ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืคืืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ืœืขื•ืžืงื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื“ ืžืฆื ืืกืžื›ืชื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืœื—ื›ื ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ืขืœื” ืœื• ื‘ืžื•ื—ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื™ืข ืืช ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืžืžืฆื‘ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืคื˜ืจืช ืคืจืฉืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืคืจืฉืช ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ืจืžื– ื—ื–ืง ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืฉืœื™ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ืืœ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื›ื™ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื” ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึตึผืจ ื‘ึดึผืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ืจึทื‘ ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึดืื™ืขึท" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก"ื’ ื') ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืคืืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ื›ื™ ื‘ื• ื˜ืžื•ื ื” ื”ื•ืฉืขืช ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืžืฆืจืชื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืžืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืคืขืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื”ืจืžื– ืฉืจืื” ื‘ื›ืš ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉื™ื’ืจ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึตึผืจ ื‘ึดึผืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ืจึทื‘ ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึดืื™ืขึท" ืฉืžื”ืคื˜ืจืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข.

ืื ื ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื– ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืื–ื™ ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืขืงื‘ ื”ื—ืจื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื—ืชืชื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืžืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืงืจืชื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืชื ืฉื‘ื• ืžื ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืคื—ื•ืชื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช- ื ืฉืืจื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ืžื™ืžื™ ืงื“ื, ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื™ืžื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ืขื ืกื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช. ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ืคืกืงื”, ื›ืš, ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื™ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื, ื™ืžื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืชื—ืช ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื ืžืงืจื•ื‘, ื›ืžื• ื™ืจื“ื” ืœื”ื ืื‘ืŸ ืžื”ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื– ื ืฉืžื• ืœื”ื ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื”.

ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ืื•ืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืงืฉื”; 'ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขื˜ืจื”...'. ืืš ืžื™ ื›ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžืกืงื ื” ื•ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืžื”ืคื›ืช ื”'ืื›ืฉื•ืจื™ ื“ืจื' ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื”. ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช.

ืื•ืžื ื, ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื”ื’ื”. ืื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื ื ื”ื‘ื"ื—[3] ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉืฉื ืœื‘ื• ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื•- ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื˜ืขื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืื•ืžื ื. ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืžืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืชื™ื• - ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ืžืžืขืžื“ื•, ืืš ืจืง ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื• ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืื–ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”"ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืžืฉืคื˜" ืื—ื– ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื•ืขื ื•ื•ื”, ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื” ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•. ื”ืŸ ื”ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ืืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืืช ื–ื” ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื” (ื‘':)[4]. ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืžื’ืœื” ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื- ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืืš ืื ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืžืจืื” ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื- ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื– ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ[5].

ื•ืื›ืŸ, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ ืœื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืฉืงืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“.

ื•ื‘ืื•ึนืžึถื“ ื”ึทื“ึทึผืขึทืช, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžื›ืืŸ ืจืง ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืื™ืœื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ืžื–ืืช ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืคืฉืจื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืชื—ืช ืคืฉืจื ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžืช. ื”ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”, ื‘ืคืจื™ื“ืชื• ื”ืงืฉื” ืžืœื•ื˜, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื™ืžื“, ื›ื™ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืœืœื‘ ืฉ"ืงื™ืจื•ื‘" ื–ื” ืจืง "ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืจื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ืจ ืžืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœ ืฉ"ืงื™ืจื•ื‘" ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ "ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘". ืขืœ ื›ืš ื’ื ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืžื•ื™ืœื ื ื–"ืœ, ืฉื”ืžืงืจื‘ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ื•ืช- ื ื”ืคืš ืœืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ื•ืœื. ื–ืืช ื—ื›ืžืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืคืืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืœื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืจื™ื“ื”. ื›ื™ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ื–ืืช ื”ื—ื–ืงื”- ื”ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ืจืง ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช.

ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืฆืข ื–ืืช ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืกืจ ื ืคืฉื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ืจื• ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืจื’ืœ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืœืืจืฅ ืจื—ื•ืงื”, ืืœื ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœืื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืจื— ื”ื“ืจืš ืืฉืจ ืžืืจื ืฆื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืืœื‘ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉื—ืฉ ืžื›ืš ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื™ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืจืฆื•ืฆื” ืžืžื’ื™ืคื” ืงืฉื”, ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื” ืื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื•- ืขืฉื” ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื–ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืขื˜ืจื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื ื”.

ื›ืš ื’ื ืžืขื™ื“ ื ื›ื“ื• ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืžืฉื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ, ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“"ืฆ ืขื“"ื— ืœืง"ืง ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื, ื”ื ืงืจื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™[6], ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื• ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื”ืคืจื™ื— ื‘ืก"ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื“ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืงืŸ ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื ืฆื— ื›ืžื• ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ืœึทื—ึฒื‘ื•ึผืจื•ึนืช ืชึตึผื›ึถืฃ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทืงึดึผื“ึผื•ึผืฉื ื•ึฐื”ึทืกึฐึผืขื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึฐื™ึดืœึฐืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึดึผื›ึฐื ื•ึผืคึดื™ึธึผื” ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทืชึฐึผื”ึดืœึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐืึดื“ึฐึผืจึธื ื–ื•ึผื˜ึธื ืื•ึน ืจึธื‘ึธื ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืื ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืชื•, ื”ืกืคื™ืง ื’ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืคื•ื ืืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ืฉื•"ืช "ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืžืฉืคื˜" ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ืืช ืกืคืจื• "ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฆื“ืงื”".

ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ื™ืฉื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืกื ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืขืžืœื• ื”ืžืคืจืš ื ืฉื ืคืจื™. ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ืคืจืฆื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืงืœ"ื’ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืœืœื™ื”.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ื•. ื‘ืชื•ืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ืงืฆืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ื” ื—ืคืคื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื, ื”ืขืœื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืขืœื™ืœืช ืฉื•ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืคื—ื” ืื—ืžื“ ืคืืฉื”, ื•ื”ืœื” ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื’ื–ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ืช ืœืœื ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฆื“ืง. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืฉื ื—ืจื“ื• ืœืฉืžืข ืคืกืง ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœื•. ืžืฉืœื—ืช ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืืœ ื”ืคื—ื” ื”ื’ืื”. ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ืื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื ืขืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ืฉืžื• ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื•. ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืืฃ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœืฉืœื ื›ื•ืคืจ ื ืคืฉ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืฉืช ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื•. ื”ืคื—ื” ื”ื—ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื™ื. ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ื[7], ืื•ืœื ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชืžื”ืžื”ื• ื•ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืืกืคื•. ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืจื‘ื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืžืขื™ื˜, ืื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื.

ืืš ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื—ื”, ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชืจืฆื” ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœืื• ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืžื—ืœ ืœื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ[8] ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื• ื•ื™ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžืชืฉืœื•ื.

ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืชืจ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื—ื™ื™ื• ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื• ืœืฉืœืœ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืฉื‘ ืืœ ืžืฉืจืชื• ื›ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื• ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืœืฉืžื—ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืจื‘ื, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื.

ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืจืฉื” ืจืฆื•ืคืช ื—ืกื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื• ื•ื‘ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืงืคื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื• ื›ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืจื‘ื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืงื ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ืื›ืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื™ืชื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื™ ืชื™ืฉืžืจ ื—ื™ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืขื“ ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ื—ืคืฉื• ืœื›ืš ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืŸ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืขื” ื™ืชื™ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืคื—ื” ืื—ืžื“ ืคืืฉื, ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื” ืื ื•ื‘ืžื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืคื—ื” ื•ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืคื—ื” ืื›ืŸ ืฉืœื— ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“. ืืš ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ืคื—ื” ืžืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื”ื‘ืืช ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื—ื™ืœื” ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื›ืžื• ืงื™ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื–ืขืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคื—ื”.

ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ื—ื™ืœื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืจืกืžื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืคื—ื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืžืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคื—ื” ืขืฆืžื•. ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ืจืื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคื—ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ืชื’ื•ื ืŸ ืื– ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื”ื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืžืฉ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื™ื•ืขืชืง ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืคื—ื” ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืžืฉื›ื‘ืจ. ื‘ื”ื›ืชืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืคื—ื” ื”ื’ืื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื›ืœ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืชื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื–"ืœ ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ื–ืจืข ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื ืข"ื” ื•ื–"ืœ: "ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืฉืจืจื” ืžื•ืขื˜ืช" ืœื ืชืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขื•ื“ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื“ ื•ืœืขื•ืœืžื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืขื•ื– ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉืื•ืชื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืขื ื ื•ื”ื’ ืขื“ ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืœืคื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื ืื”ื‘ื” ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ื—ืก ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ืชื” ืฉืœืฉืœืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื ื ืืœื• ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉืœืฉืœืช ื–ืืช ื’ืจื™ื“ื, ื›ื™ ื›ืš ื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื ืžืฆื ืฉ"ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™ ื•ืงื™ื™ื".

ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืื•ืชื ืจืžื™ ืžืขืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื‘ืœ ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื™ื•ื” ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื‘ืจืžื” ืœืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื ื•ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืชื‘ืœ- ื ืงืจืื• ืฉื“"ืจื™ื, ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช "ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ", ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืกืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื›ืš ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื”.

ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื™ืคื” ื‘ื™ืงืจ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืง"ื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืคื” ืœืชื•ื›ื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ , ื”ืชืคืขืœ ืขื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš, ืกื’ื ื• ื•ืžืฉื ื™ื• ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš (ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืœื ื ื•ื“ืข ืœืžื™, ืงื•ืฉื˜ื ืชืงื™"ื, ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื”): ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ื—ื›ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืขืœื” ื“ื—ื™ืœ ื•ืžื•ืงื™ืจ ืœืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ืžื”"ืจ ืžืฉื” ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื "ืข ื•ืฉื ื™ ืœื• ื”ื—' ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ื”ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื›ืžื”"ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”' ืืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืขืžื• ื•ื’ื ืื›ืกื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืืฉืจ ื ืชืืจื—ืชื™ ื‘ืฆืœ ืงื•ืจืชื• ืืœื”ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื• ื‘ื™ืชื• ืคืชื•ื— ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืจ ื•ื˜ืคืกืจ ื›ืžื”"ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื’ื—ื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื”"ื” ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉื™ ืจืืฉ ื•ืงืฆื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื•ื˜ืคืกืจ ื”ื—ื›ื ื”ืฉืœื ื•ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืืœื•ืคื™ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืืฉืจ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื• ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื ื›ืžื”ืจ"ืจ ื›ืœื™ืคื ื ืจ"ื•. ืขื›"ืœ.

ื•ื‘ืžื” ืจืื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืคื”, ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”"ืจ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ื• "ื—ื›ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืขืœื”".

ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื—ืจืฉ' ืื•ืžื ื ื’ื ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ืžื•ืฆื ืคื™ื•- ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฉื• ื›ื—ืจืฉื™ื (ืžื“ืจืฉ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื, ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช), ืืš 'ื—ื›ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื' ื–ื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื›ืžื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื—ื›ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื• "ืกึฐื™ึธื’ ืœึทื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ืฉึฐืืชึดื™ืงึธื”" (ืžืก' ืื‘ื•ืช ื’' ื™"ื’) ื•ืฉื•ืชืง, ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื•ื›ืจื— ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืจ ื”', ืืš ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืก' ืชืžื™ื“, ืฉืฉืืœ ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื•ืก ืžื•ืงื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ื–ืงื ื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ 'ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ืื“ื ื•ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช' ื•ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื”ื• ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื•ืก ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื”ืจ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืฆื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืฉืœื”ื 'ืฉื™ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื' ื•ื’ื ื›ื›ื” ื™ืื”ื‘ื•ื”ื•. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืจืง ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš, ืืœื ืฉื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืชืงืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžืช ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ "ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื‘ึทึผื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืชึทึผืึฒืžึดื™ืŸ" (ืื™ื›ื” ืจื‘ื”, ื‘' ื™"ื’), ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื—ื™ื ื ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื•ืก ืœื–ืงื ื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื”ื• ืื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื•ืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืžืœื•ื›ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื” ืฉื”ืขืœื™ืœื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืขื ืื—ืจ ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœ ืžืœืš ืื• ื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ื‘ืฆืช ืงื ืื” ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžืกืงื ืชื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืช.

ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื”ื ืฉื™ื- ื–ื›ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื™ืžื™ื ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ืื•ืชื” ืžื’ื™ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ืขืฆืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื”"ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื" ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืฆื“ ื”ืื—ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื’ื‘ื” ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื›ืš ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืฉื›ืขื™ืŸ 'ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ' ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื’ื ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ืงื• ืขืœื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื–ื”ื‘ ืœืจื•ื‘ ืœืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื”ื™ืจ ืชืžื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื•.

ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืค"ื— ื ืžืฆื ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืกืคืจ "ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื›ื ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื“ื•ืš. ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”' ื ืกื™ื ื—ื–ืŸ ืฉืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš: 'ื”ื•ืขืชืง ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืฉื•ืจ ื™ืข"ื ืœื”ื‘ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ื ืขืœื” ืœื™ืฉืจื™ื ื ืื•ื” ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื” ื”ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื˜ืคืกืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืš ืžืฉื” ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื ืจ"ื•'. ืข"ื›.

ื‘ื ื• ื”ื ื•ื“ืข ืื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื ื“ื•ืš ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืงืจื "ื ืฉื™ื", ืจืง ืฉื‘ื”ืฆื ืข ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขืžื“ ืจื ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื ืฉื ืœื• ืœืืฉื” ืืช ืื—ื•ืช ืืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื ืง ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจื ื‘ืขื ืงื™ื, ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืชื‘ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื "ืœื ืงื ื›ืžืฉื”", ื”ืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”'ืจื™ืฉ ื’ืœื•ืชื' ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืžืฉื” ื—ื™ื™ื (ืกื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”'ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™') ืœื• ืœืืฉื”.


ื”ืจื‘ ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉื” ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืขืœื
ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื•"ืžื•ืกืจ ื™ืฉืžื— ืœื‘"

ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืคืจื˜ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  • |ืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื•: ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ [= ืขื™ืจืืง] ||ืžืงื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจื”: ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
  • ืขืœื™ื™ื”: ืฉื ื•ืช ื”'ืชืจืฆ"ื• ืœืขืจืš
  • ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื ืžืฉืคื—ื”: ืžืขืœื (ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช: ืžืœืžื“) ืฉื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ื•ืกืฃ: ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš (ืขืœ ืฉื ืกื‘ื•, ื”ืื‘ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง [9]). ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืขืฆืžื• ื ื”ื’ ืœื—ืชื•ื ืืช ืฉืžื• ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื—ืฆื™ ืงื•ืœืžื•ืก ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื—' ื‘ืจื•ืš, ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื™ืœื” ืžืฉืžื•, ืžื™ืœื” ืžืฉื ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืชื•ืืจ ืขื ืฉื ืกื‘ื•.

ืื™ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื‘ืจ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื“ืจื–ื™- ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื”" ืชื›ื‘"ืฅ.
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•.
  • ืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืื” ืžืจื ื ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื›ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืื˜ื•ืŸ- ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื”" ื™ืจื•ืฉืช"ื•.
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื›ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืขืœื- ืžืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชื›ื‘"ืฅ
  • ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื”ื“ืื™ื”- ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื‘ื™ืช ื-ืœ" ืชื›ื‘"ืฅ.

ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  • ืื—ื™ื•, ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš. ืžืขืœื.
  • ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื•ืช ืืžื•, ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคืœื’ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ.
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื—ื›ื ืขื–ืจื ื™ื•ื ื”[14]
  • ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื ืกืชืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ.
  • ื”ืจื”"ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืืฉื™ื”ื• ืคื•ืœืง ืžื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืืœื”.
  • ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื‘ืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืฉื• ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ.
  • ื”ืจื”"ื— ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืงื™ ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื•ืชื• ื•ืจื‘ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ "ืคื•ืจืช"
  • ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื.

ื”ื•ืจืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืชื™ืื•ืจ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

! ืœื™ื“ื”: !! ืคื˜ื™ืจื”: || -ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืœืขืจืš ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืจืก"ื• ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” || ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืฉืž"ื˜ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื”
ื ื•ืœื“ ืœืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืจื”"ืฆ ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง[15] ื•ืœืืžื• ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื” ืžืจืช ืฉืžื—ื”[16]
ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ื”ืฆื ืข ืœื›ืช. ื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžื”ืงื“ืžืช ืชืืจื™ื ืœืฉืžื[17] ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืกื•ืคืจื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืขื ื–ืืช ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ื•ืœื ืœืงืจื•ืชื• "ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ" ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืฉืžื•.

ืœื™ื“ืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืœื™ื“ืชื• ืœื•ื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืื—ื™ื• ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื•ื›ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•[18], ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืขืช ืœื™ื“ืชื•.

ืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•, ืขืช ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื’ื ืื™ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืข ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืฉืžืฉื—ืง ื”ืชื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืชื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืืžื• ืข"ื” ื‘ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื›ืฆืืฆืื™ืช ืœืฉืœืฉืœืช ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืช ืกื“ืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืขืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืœื—ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ืคื•ื ื” ื‘ืื™ื•ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื“ ืชืงืจื ืœื‘ื ื” ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื™ืืžืจ ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืื– ืจืข ื•ืžืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจืœื ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืžืœื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืžื•ืขื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื ืคืฉื[19].

ื ืขืจื•ืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืœืžื“ ืžื ืขืจื•ืชื• ืขื ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื“ืจื–ื™ ื•ืขื ื–ืงืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื›ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื™[20]. ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื“ืจื–ื™ ืกื™ืคืจ ืขืœ ื ืขืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื›ื ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื‘"ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง. ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš. ืžืขืœื ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ื’ื• ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืกืคืกืœ ื‘"ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื–ืœื™ื›ื”" ื›ืฉื›ื™ืคื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื•ื˜ืคืช ืืช ืจืืฉื• ื•ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”. ืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš. ืžืขืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืฉืื ืจื•ืื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืช ื—ืฆื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืŸ- ื™ืžืฉื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื™ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืืžื™ืจืช "ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช".
ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืชื ืžืืžื•, ืฉื’ื ื›ืŸ ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื ืคื˜ืจื• ืื•ืžื ื ืื—ืจ ืขืœื•ืชืŸ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืืš ื‘ื–ื• ืื—ืจ ื–ื•.

ืขืœื™ื™ืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื• ืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ืขื ืื‘ื™ื• ื›ืฉืื•ืจ ื“ื•ืœืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืจื‘ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื›ืš ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ืื– ื”ื•ืจื• ืœื• ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื›ื ืืคืจื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ื—ื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื™ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืกืคืงื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš[21]- ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืขืช ืœืฉืืช ืืฉื”. ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืœืžืกืข ืืจื•ืš ื•ืžืคืชืœ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืก, ืฉื ื—ืœื ืขืœ ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ืœืขืชื™ื“, ื•ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื ื”ืืœืงื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ื‘ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ.

ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื›ืฉืขืœืชื” ื‘ืช ืื—ื•ืช ืืžื• ืžืจืช ืกืขื™ื“ื” ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”' ืชืฉ"ื—, ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืจื‘ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืืคืจื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ "ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ" ื•ื”ื•ื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื“ื›ืŸ. ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื—ืœืžื” ืื– ื›ื™ ืืžื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืžื•ืกืจืช ืœื” ืžื’ืฉ ื•ื‘ื• ื–ืจ ืคืจื—ื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืื—ื•ืช ืืžื” ืฉืขื“ื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ืชืชืŸ ืžื’ืฉ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื” ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง. ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืฆื”ืœื” ืžืฉืžื—ื” ื›ืฉืจืืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื”ื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ื.

ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืงื‘ืจ ืจื—ืœ ืืžื ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื™ื™ืกื“ ืขื ื™ื“ื™ื“ื• ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ืžื•ืฆืคื™ ืืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ" ืขืœ ืงื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื—ืœ ืืžื ื•, ืžื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื’ื ื‘ื•, ื”ื™ื• ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื•ืื—ื™ื• ื”ืจื”"ืฆ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆ. ื™. ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš. ืžืขืœื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืœ ืขืจื‘ ืืช ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืงื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื—ืœ ืืžื ื• ืข"ื” ื›ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ื ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื”ื[22].

ืžืกื™ืจื•ืชื• ืœื›ืœืœ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืชืจื•ืžื•ืชื™ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืคื™ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืื• ื”ืื“ื ื”ื ื–ืงืง ืœื›ืš, ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœืžืขื ื• ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื—ืกื•ืจ.
ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื’ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ืชื›ื‘"ืฅ ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ "ื™ื“ ืœืื—ื™ื". ื—ื™ืœืง ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืžื”ื•ื“ืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืฉืœ ืจ"ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื ืจื‘ื”, ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื“ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื’ืช ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžืจืฅ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื•ื’ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืชื. ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืจ"ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืืฃ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ.

ื”ืชืขืกืงื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืกืง ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื. ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืช ืกื’ื•ืจ ื•ืงื•ืจ ืขื– ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžื™ื˜ืชื• ื•ื”ืงื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืกื™ืคืจ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืชื•ืงื ื” ืฉื‘ืื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืš[23].
ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ืœืขืจื•ืš ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื• ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืืš ืžื ืขื• ื™ื“ื™ื“ื• ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ืžื•ืฆืคื™ ืžืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ืขืžื• ื‘ื›ืš ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™[24].
ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื—ื›ื ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื—ืชื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ืžื•ืฆืคื™ ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื›ืคืจืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื’ื•ืคื ืœื“ื•ื“ ืžื™ ืงืจื—, ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•, ืืš ื›ืฉืคื ื” ื—ืชื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ืžื•ืฆืคื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื”"ืฆ ืจ' ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืžื™ ื”ืงืจื— ืžื’ื’ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช "ืžื ื—ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”" ืฉื ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื ืขืจืš, ืžืฆืื• ืงืคื•ื ื•ืžืขื•ืœืฃ, ื”ื•ื ืื– ื—ื™ืžื ืœื• ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ืืช ืจื•ื—ื•.

ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืคืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืื• ืคืจื˜ื™ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ืฆืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืฉืžืกื•ื’ ื”ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื—ื–"ืœ "ืฉื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื". ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฆื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืฆืฃ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื™"ื[25]

ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืจื”"ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืืฉื™ื”ื• ืคื•ืœืง ืžื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ืงืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืžืจืื” ืฉืจืื” ื‘ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ืจืช ื“ืจืš ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื™ืจื•ืŸ, ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ืงืกื™ ืœืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื™ื“ ื’ืŸ ื”ืคืขืžื•ืŸ, ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืฉ, ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื—ื™ืคื”, ืžื—ื™ืคื” ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœืฆืคืช, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ืงื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืงื ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ืื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื™ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“- ืื– ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืื—ืจื™ื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื•ืคื ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืœื™ืœ ืฉืžืข ืงื•ืœ ืจืขืฉ ื•ืคื—ื“ ืขืœ ื ืคืฉื• ืžืื•ื“. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื• ื”ืงื•ืœ ื•ืื– ืฉืžืข ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื‘ื• ืืฉ, ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืืฉื™ื”ื• ืคื•ืœืง ืคื—ื“ ื•ืืžืจ 'ืœื. ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ'. ืขื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื•ื”ื ื” ื ื“ืœืงืช ืืฉ ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืคื•ืœืง ื™ืืฉื™ื”ื• ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื” ื‘ืคื—ื“ ืœืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื”, ืขื“ ืฉืจืื” ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื›ื™ ืžืจ ื•ื ืฉื’ื‘ ืžื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืžื ื’ื™ื ืช "ื ื”ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ" ืžืฉื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืชื” ื•ืžื™ื“ ื—ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉื• ื•ืžืื•ื“ื• ื•ื›ืš ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื•.
ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื ืฉื’ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืš ื’ื™ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืจืื” ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ.
ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉืจืขื‘ื™ ื ื”ื’ ืœื”ื“ืจ ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืžืจื• "ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื‘ื, ื’ื‘ืจื ืจื‘ื”" ืขืช ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืžื• ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื’ื™ืกื• ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืืœืงื™ ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืจื‘ืข ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื”". ื”ื’ื”"ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ื—ืฉื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงืจื "ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™" ืจืื”ื• ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื›ื•ืชืœ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ื›ืื•ืžืจื• ืฉืื– ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขื ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘, ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื™ืŸ ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœื ืฉืง ืืช ื™ื“ื• ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื—ืฉื‘ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžื•ืœ ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื™ืŸ. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ืฉืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื™ืŸ, ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื, ืžื” ืจืื” ื›ืขืช, ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืจืื” ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืืฉ ืžื™ืชืžืจ ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืžืคื ื™ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื•ืช.
ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฆื—ื” ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื“ื• ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื“ืจื–ื™ - ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื”", ื‘ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื”ื“ืื™ื” - ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื‘ื™ืช ื-ืœ" ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•[26] ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• "ืžื•ืกืจ ื™ืฉืžื— ืœื‘" ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื›ืชื‘ื ื•ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ.

ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจ ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉื” ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืขืœื ืœื ืžืฉ ืžืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื• ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ืื•ืชื• ืกืคืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืžื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืกื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืคืชื™ื—ื” ืงืœื”.

ื™ืืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจื”[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืขืช ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืœ' ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”' ืชืฉืž"ื˜ ื‘ื›ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื“ื• ื–ืงืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื›ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ืขืžื• ืœืžื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื—ืœืงื” ืœื™ื“ ืžืงื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ืชื•. ืžืงื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœ[ื”ืจ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช]. ืื’ื‘, ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื›ืœืœื™[27] ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื˜"ื• ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ (ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™) ื‘ื˜ืจื ื‘ื•ื ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ืชื ืคื™ืจื˜ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืกืคืจื• "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื ืžืฆืืช ืขืœ ืงื‘ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ืžืฉืชื˜ื— ืขืฆืžื• ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ืฉืžืข ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื• ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื’ื ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื”ืฉืชื˜ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื ืฉืžืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ื™ ื™ืชืคืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชื˜ื—. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ื ืฉืžื” ืื– ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฆื™ื•ื ื”, ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืจื• ืœืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื–.

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื”ื”ืกืคื“ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืจื‘ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื—ื›ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื—ื™ื™ื ืฆื“ืงื” ืืžืจ ืื– ื›ื™ "ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ื ืกืชืœืง ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœืคื™ื’ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื“ืจื“ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืื—ืช[28] ื ืกืคื™ื ืœืชื”ื•ื ืœื™ื“ ื˜ืœื–-ืกื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืžืจื• ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืช "ื”ืžื’ืŸ" ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื“ ื›ื”, ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ืจื‘ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื—ื›ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฆื“ืงื” ื ืžืฆื ื—ื•ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ืฉืืฃ ืืžืจ "ืงืจื” ืžื” ืฉืœื ืงืจื” ืžืฉืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”" ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคื™ื’ื•ืข ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ืื›ืŸ ื–ื• ื’ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ื’ื•ืข ืฉื›ื–ื”[29] ื•ืืฃ ืงื•ืœื• ื”ื—ื–ืง ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื”" ืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืื” ื—ื›ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืื˜ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื ืื– ื‘ืจืžื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืื•ืชื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฆื“ืงื”.

ืขืกืง ื‘ื˜ื”ืจืชื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื’ื”"ืฆ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืขื“ืก ืžืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ".

ื”ืกืคื™ื“ื•ื”ื•[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืชืงื•ืคืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืžืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
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ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  • ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ, ืžืืช ื ื›ื“ื™ื•.
  • ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจื• "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" (ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•, ืž-ืชืฉืž"ื˜), ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืžืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื.

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืžื—ื™ืงืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื™ืฉืจ ื›ื— ืœืš ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืฉื ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื ืžื—ื“ืฉ!

ืืงื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœ'ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”' ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ืืฉืžื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ื”ื’ื”ื” ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ื•ืชื™. ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืžืจ (ืฉื™ื—ื”) 11:44, 11 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2022 (IDT)

  1. โ†‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ ื”ืžื“ืขืŸ ื“"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ-ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื‘"ืจ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื ื“ื•ืš.
  2. โ†‘ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืŸ-ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืŸ (ื—ื–ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื"ื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื ืง ื‘ืขื ืงื™ื ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื”ืจืžื”) ื ืฉืžืขื• ื“ืคื™ืงื•ืช, ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘"ืฆ ื—ื–ืŸ ืคื ื” ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช ื•ื”ื ื” ืžื•ืœื• ื“ืžื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ื”ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื"ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืœื”ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื. ื”ืจื‘"ืฆ ื—ื–ืŸ ืฉืืœื• ืœืจืื™ื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืงื—ื• ืจื’ืœื™ ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื"ื— ืงื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืจื‘"ืฆ ื—ื–ืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื• ืืช ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืฉื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ืื“ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื™ืœืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืขื ืขืฉืจื” ืื™ืฉ ื•ื™ืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ื•ื™ืฉืžื™ืข ืงื•ืœื• ื‘ืจืžื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืงื•ืœื• ื”ืื“ื™ืจ ื”ื ืฉืžืข ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”"ืืžืจื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ" ืื’ืกื™ ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื"ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง- ื›ืŸ ืœื• ืœื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื“ื™ืงื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื•ื–ื™ืข"ื.
  3. โ†‘ ื›ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื ื ื”ื‘ื"ื— ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจื™ "ืจื‘ ืคืขืœื™ื" ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืจื•ืื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•, ืฉืกื•ื’ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ื’ื•ืคื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ.
  4. โ†‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื“ื—ืžื™ืจื ื•ืœื ืืชื™ ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœื™ ื‘ื” ืกืชื ืœืŸ ื›ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื“ืžื™ืงืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื“ืงื™ืœ ื•ืืชื™ ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื” ืกืชื ืœืŸ ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื“ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš (ืœ"ื”:) ืฉื‘ืช ื“ื—ืžื™ืจื ื•ืœื ืืชื™ ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื” ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ื˜ ื“ืงื™ืœ ื•ืืชื™ ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื” ื›ืœืœ ื›ืœืœ ืœื.
  5. โ†‘ ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ื“ืขื• ื’"ืข ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื•ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืคืœืื’'ื™ ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจ ื™ืจื•ื“- ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
  6. โ†‘ ื‘ึฐึผื”ึทืงึฐื“ึธึผืžึทืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื”"ืง ื—ื›ื ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ, ืกืคืจ "ืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ื•ึผืžึดืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜", ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ืขื“ื—"ืก ื”ื’ื”"ืง ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ืžืฉื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ (ื ืคื˜ืจ ืจ"ื— ืื“ืจ ื”' ืชืฉื›"ื), ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฆื“ืงื” ื—ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ: "ื”ึทืžึฐึผืงึปื‘ึธึผืœ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ ืžืจ ื–ึฐืงึตื ึดื™ ื›ืžื”ืจ"ืจ ืฆึธื“ึฐืงึธื” ื—ื•ึผืฆึดื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื™ึฐืœึดื™ื“ ืึฒืจึธื ืฆื•ึนื‘ึธื ื•ึฐื ึดืชึฐืงึทื‘ึตึผืœ ืœึฐืจึทื‘ ื•ึผืžื•ึนืจึตื” ืฆึถื“ึถืง ื‘ึฐึผืขื™"ืช ื‘ึทึผื’ึฐื“ึธืื“ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื‘ึฐึผื‘ึธื‘ึถืœ ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืื ึทืช ื”ืชืง"ื’ ืž"ืž, ื•ึฐืœื•ึผืœึตื™ ืœึนื ื‘ึธึผื, ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืžึดืฉึฐืืชึทึผื›ึทึผื—ึทืช ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ืžึดื‘ึธึผื‘ึถืœ, ื›ึดึผื™ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึผื•ึนืื•ึน ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื“ึถึผื‘ึถืจ ื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ืœึนื ืชึธึผืงื•ึผื ืคึทึผืขึฒืžึทื™ึดื ืฆึธืจึธื”, ื•ึฐื›ึดืœึธึผื” ืจึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดื™ื, ื•ึผืฉึฐืืึตืจึดื™ืช ื”ึทืคึฐึผืœึตื˜ึธื” ื ึดืฉึฐืืึฒืจื•ึผ ื‘ึฐึผืœึดื™ ืจึทื‘ ื•ึผืžื•ึนืจึถื” ืฉึถืื™ึผื•ึนืจึถื” ืœึธื”ึถื ื“ึถึผืจึถืšึฐ ื”', ื•ึผื‘ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึฐื–ึดื™ืจ ืขึฒื˜ึธืจึธื” ืœึฐื™ื•ึนืฉึฐืื ึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐื”ึถืขึฑืžึดื™ื“ ืชึทึผืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึดื™ื ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึตึผื”, ื•ึผืžึดืžึถึผื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืขึทืชึธึผื” ืชึฐึผื”ึดืœึผื•ึนืช ืœึธืึตืœ ืœึนื ืคึธึผืกึฐืงึธื” ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื“ื•ึนืจึตื ื•ึผ ื–ึถื”, ืฉึถืื‘ึทึผืขึฒื•ึนื ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืจึทื‘ึดึผื™ื ืฉืื•ึนื—ึฒืจึตื™ ืชึผื•ึผืฉึดืื™ึธึผื” ื•ึฐืœื•ึนืžึฐื“ึตื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื‘ึฐึผื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ื™ื•ึนื ื™ื•ึนื ื™ึดืžึฐืขึธื˜ื•ึผ, ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธืึดื™ื ืฉึธืื ื’ึฐึผื“ึธื™ึดื™ื ื•ึผืชึฐื™ึธืฉึดืื™ื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึตื›ึดื™ื ื•ึทื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ื“ึฐึผืคึธืงึดื™ืขึท ืฉึฐืืžึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ ื”' ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ื™ึดื—ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืึธืžึตืŸ. ื’ึทึผื ืชึดึผืงึตึผืŸ ืชึทึผืงึธึผื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึตึผื”, ื•ึผืžึดื›ึฐึผืœึธืœึธื ืึถื–ึฐื›ึนึผืจ ืœึดืฉึฐืื‘ึทื— ืฉึถืื›ึธึผืืŸ ื‘ึดึผืงึฐืขึธื” ืžึธืฆึธื, ืฉึถืื”ึถื”ึธืžื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืขื•ึนืฉึดื‚ื™ื ืึถืช ืฉึฐืื ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื ืฉึถืืœ ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืฉึธึผืื ึธื” ื›ึดึผืฉึฐืืึธืจ ื—ึทื’ึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดื™ื, ืžึทืจึฐื‘ึดึผื™ื ื‘ึฐึผืฉึดื‚ืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื˜ึดื™ึผื•ึผืœึดื™ื, ื•ึผืคึถืŸ ื™ึธื‘ื•ึนืื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืœึดืฉึฐืื›ึนึผื—ึท ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ืึถืช ืขึตืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึถึผื”, ืขึธืžึทื“ ื•ึฐื’ึธื“ึทืจ ื’ึธึผื“ึตืจ ืฉึถืื™ึดึผืชึฐืงึทื‘ึฐึผืฆื•ึผ ืœึทื—ึฒื‘ื•ึผืจื•ึนืช ืชึตึผื›ึถืฃ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทืงึดึผื“ึผื•ึผืฉื ื•ึฐื”ึทืกึฐึผืขื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึฐื™ึดืœึฐืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึดึผื›ึฐื ื•ึผืคึดื™ึธึผื” ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทืชึฐึผื”ึดืœึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐืึดื“ึฐึผืจึธื ื–ื•ึผื˜ึธื ืื•ึน ืจึธื‘ึธื ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืื ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื”, ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื ื•ึนื”ึฒื’ึดื™ื ื›ึตึผืŸ ื›ึธึผืœ ืึทื ึฐืฉึตืื™ ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ื‘ึทึผื’ึฐื“ึธืื“ ื•ึผืกึฐื‘ึดื™ื‘ื•ึนืชึถื™ื”ึธ, ื•ึผืคึธืฉึทืื˜ ื”ึทืžึดึผื ึฐื”ึธื’ ื’ึทึผื ืœึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ืคึธึผืจึธืก ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ. ื’ึทึผื ืชึดึผืงึตึผืŸ ืฉึถืืœึนึผื ื™ึดืชึฐืขึทื ึผื•ึผ ืขึปื‘ึธึผืจื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึฐื ึดื™ืงื•ึนืช ื‘ึฐึผื™ื•ึนื ืชึดึผืฉึฐืืขึธื” ื‘ึฐึผืึธื‘ ื›ึดึผืฉึฐืืึธืจ ื”ึทืชึทึผืขึฒื ึดื™ึผื•ึนืช, ื›ึดึผื™ ืจึธืึธื” ืžึตืจึนื‘ ื”ึทื—ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ื•ึนืจึตืจ ืฉึธืื, ื‘ึธึผืื•ึผ ืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืกึทื›ึธึผื ึธื”. ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืขึธืฉึธื‚ื” ืชึทึผืงึธึผื ื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึดื ึฐื”ึธื’ึดื™ื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดื™ื, ื•ึผืžึตื”ึถื ื ื•ึนื”ึฒื’ึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื, ื•ึฐื”ึดืฉึฐืืึดื™ืจ ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื‘ึฐึผืจึธื›ึธื”, ืขึฒืฉึธื‚ืจึธื” ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื’ึฐึผื“ื•ึนืœึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึทึผืžึผื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื”ึธืึตื™ื›ื•ึผืช, ื•ึฐื–ึธื›ึดื™ืชึดื™ ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืชึธื, ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืชึฐึผืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึนืช ื•ึผืคึฐืกึธืงึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึดื“ึผื•ึผืฉึดืื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึตืื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืจึทืžึฐื‘ึทึผ"ื, ื•ึผื“ึฐืจื•ึผืฉึดืื™ื ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ'". ืขื›ืœ"ืง.
  7. โ†‘ 'ืฉื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฉืง' - ืฉื ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ืžื ื.
  8. โ†‘ 'ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื›ื™ืกื™ื' - ืฉื ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ืžื ื.
  9. โ†‘ ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš, ื‘ืกืคืจ "ืงืฅ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ" ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ื”"ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืฉื”: ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืš, ื—ื›ื ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืœืžืฉืคื—ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ื›ื•'
  10. โ†‘ ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื›ื”ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ืขื™ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”
  11. โ†‘ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ื”"ืง ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื–ืŸ - ื—ื–ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ืข"ืค ื”ื•ืจืืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื•
  12. โ†‘ ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉื• ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ื’ื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืจื‘ื• "ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืœื—ื›ื ืขื–ืจื ืขื˜ื™ื™ื”..."
  13. โ†‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื "ื›ืจื ืฉืœืžื”" ื›ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืœืกืคืจื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื”ืจื—"ื• "ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื" ื•ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•. ืื’ื‘, ื’ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืคืจ "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื‘ื• ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ืจื‘ื•
  14. โ†‘ ืžืจืžืช ื’ืŸ ืขืžื• ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ื—ืฆื™ ืงื•ืœืžื•ืก ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉื• ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช
  15. โ†‘ ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืจืืฉ ืžืชื™ื‘ืชื ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืžืจื ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™, ื ื”ื’ ืœืกื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืกื“ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื”ื™ื•ืžื™, ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืจืืฉ ืžืชื™ื‘ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื–ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“
  16. โ†‘ ืืžื• ื”ื™ื ืฆืืฆืื™ืช ืœืžื”ืจ"ื ืฉื ื“ื•ืš, ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื: ืงื•ืœ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ, ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืชื•, ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืœืืกืฃ, ื›ื ืฃ ืจื ื ื™ื, ืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ, ืชื”ืœื” ืœื“ื•ื“, ืฉื“ื” ืœื‘ืŸ, ืืžืจื™ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืžืื›ื•ืœืช ืืฉ, ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืœื—ืกื™ื“ื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื”: ืฆืืฆืื™ื” ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื•ืืช ืขืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื”" ืขืœ ืžืจืช ืฉืจื— ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื ื•ื ื”" ืžืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ืชื”, ืฉืืžื•ืชื ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ืจืืฉ ื•ืœื ืจืื• ืœื”ืŸ ืืฃ ืฉืขืจื” ืžืจืืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”; "ืžื“ื•ืข ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืงื”, ื”ืŸ ืœืืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืจืืฉ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื”?" ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ื•ืช ืœืžืจืช ื—ื ื™ื ื™ ืื ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžื’ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื›ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง. ื—ื›ื-ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืขืœื ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื•ืœืžืจืช ื’ื•ืจื’'ื™ื” ืืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื: ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ, ื™ื—ื•ื•ื” ื“ืขืช, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ืžืื•ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื ืฃ ืขืฅ ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ืขืงื‘ ืขื•ื ื™ื• ืžืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ื ืขื–ืจ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื” ืืฃ ื”ื™ื, ืฉืœ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืฉืชืจืžื• ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืงื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื ืœื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•
  17. โ†‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืจื” ื“ืจื›ืŸ ื’ื ืฉืœ ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ื•ืจื™ื”ืŸ, ืืš ืื—ื•ืชื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื•ืจื” ื“ืจื›ื”, ืžืจืช ื ื–ื™ืžื” ืคื ื™ื ื” ืข"ื”, ื”ื ืฉื•ืื” ืœืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืืœืงื™ ื—ื›ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชื—ื ื ืช ืฉื™ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื‘ืขืœื” ื•ืœื‘ื ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืจื›ื” ื™ื‘ืœื˜"ื - ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืขื˜ืจืช ื™ืฆื—ืง" ื‘ืชื•ืืจ "ืจื‘", ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ืขืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื”ื•ื‘ื ืžืขืฉื” ืžื‘ื ื• ืžืื™ืจ ืฉืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉื™ืžื—ืง ื”ื•ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ "ื—ื›ื" ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืกืคืจ ื•ืกืคืจ ืžืกืคืจื™ "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืขื ืฉืžื•
  18. โ†‘ ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ืคืจืง ื’' "ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื”"
  19. โ†‘ ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ", ืคืจืง ื“', "ื‘ืžืขืœืœื™ื• ื™ืชื ื›ืจ ื ืขืจ"
  20. โ†‘ ืฉื ืžืœื; ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“ื™ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื•ืจื™
  21. โ†‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”" ื—ื›ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืขืœื; ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื
  22. โ†‘ ืžืฉืžืฉื• ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื‘ืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืกื™ืคืจ ืฉืœื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืœื›ืช ืจื’ืœื™
  23. โ†‘ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืžืฉื”", ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ืœืกืคืจื• ืื—ืจื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•
  24. โ†‘ ืกืคืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืจืฉืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ืœื˜"ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื—ื›ื ืกืœืžืืŸ ืžื•ืฆืคื™
  25. โ†‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื™ืจื ืžื—ื›ืžื”", ืืžืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืื” ื—ื›ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืื˜ื•ืŸ: "ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืฆืฃ- ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื”ืฉืืœื” ืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื•..."
  26. โ†‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฆืžื— ื‘ื›ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืจ ืกืœืžืืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  27. โ†‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื™ืจื ืžื—ื›ืžื”" ืžื•ื‘ื ื›ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืื” ืžืจื ื ื”ื’ืจ"ืฉ ืื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืขืชื ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื•ื’ ื”ื’ื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื’ืจื™ื“ื.
  28. โ†‘ ื•ื ืชื ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžื•:"ืื”ืจืŸ ืžืฉื”" ื™ื•ืฆื ื"ื, ื•ื”ืจื™ "ืื" ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืื—ืช
  29. โ†‘ ืกืคืจ "ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ" ื•ื”ืงืœื˜ืช ืงื•ืœื•