ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื•: ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื“ืฃ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
(ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช)
ืื™ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ืจ ืขืจื™ื›ื”
ืฉื•ืจื” 4: ืฉื•ืจื” 4:




==ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•==
==ืœื™ื“ืชื• ื•ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•==
ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2048 ืœ[[ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื]] ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘[[ื ื™ืกืŸ]].
ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2048 ืœ[[ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื]] ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘[[ื ื™ืกืŸ]].


ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” [[ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•]] ื‘ืŸ 100 ื•[[ืฉืจื” ืื™ืžื™ื ื•]] ื‘ืช 90 ื ื•ืœื“ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืจืš ื›ื ืขืŸ (ื™ืฉืจืืœ).
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” [[ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•]] ื‘ืŸ 100 ื•[[ืฉืจื” ืื™ืžื™ื ื•]] ื‘ืช 90 ื ื•ืœื“ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืจืš ื›ื ืขืŸ (ื™ืฉืจืืœ).
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช [[ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช]] ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืงืฆืจื”, ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืืœื” ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง"{{ื”ืขืจื”|ืฉื=ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง}}, [[ืจืฉ"ื™]] ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘: '''"ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง"'''{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื™"ื˜|ืฉื=ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง}} ื›ืš: "ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงืจื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืžื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“"ื ืข"ื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื–ืงืง ืœื•ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืฆื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืจื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื” ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœื ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืžื ื• ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฆืจ ืงืœืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง" {{ื”ืขืจื”|ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื™"ื˜.}}.


ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” [[ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”]] ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 8 ื™ืžื™ื™ื.
ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” [[ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”]] ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 8 ื™ืžื™ื™ื.
ืฉื•ืจื” 14: ืฉื•ืจื” 16:


[[ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ]] ื›ืขืก ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ [[ืื‘ืจื”ื]] ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืจืง ื—ืฆื™ ื•[[ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ]] ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
[[ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ]] ื›ืขืก ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ [[ืื‘ืจื”ื]] ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืจืง ื—ืฆื™ ื•[[ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ]] ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
==ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง==
{{ืขืจืš ืžื•ืจื—ื‘|ืขืจืš=[[ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง]]


ืœืื—ืจ ืฉ[[ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืžืœืš ื’ืจืจ]] ื›ืจืช [[ื‘ืจื™ืช]] ืขื [[ืื‘ืจื”ื]], ื”' ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื‘ื ื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก. ื”ืžืงืจื ืžืชืืจ ื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ืขืฆื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืชืžื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื” ืœืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืžืกืชื™ืจ ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื•: {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื™ึดืจึฐืึถื”-ืœึผื•ึน ื”ึทืฉึถึผื‚ื” ืœึฐืขึนืœึธื”, ื‘ึฐึผื ึดื™}}. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื”, ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื•ืงื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืชื•. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืคื™ ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืžืงืจื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื ืขืจ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 37. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื›ืฉืฉืœื— ื™ื“ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœืช (ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”) ืฉืžืข ืžืœืืš ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืฉืžื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื™ื“ื• ืืœ ื”ื ืขืจ. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื•ืจื•ืื” ืื™ื™ืœ, ืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืš ื‘ืกื‘ืš ื‘ืงืจื ื™ื• ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืฆืืช ืžืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ, ืืฃ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืขื‘, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›"ืขื•ืœื” ืชืžื™ืžื”".
ืœืื—ืจ ืฉ[[ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืžืœืš ื’ืจืจ]] ื›ืจืช [[ื‘ืจื™ืช]] ืขื [[ืื‘ืจื”ื]], ื”' ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื‘ื ื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก. ื”ืžืงืจื ืžืชืืจ ื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ืขืฆื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืชืžื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื” ืœืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืžืกืชื™ืจ ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื•: {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื™ึดืจึฐืึถื”-ืœึผื•ึน ื”ึทืฉึถึผื‚ื” ืœึฐืขึนืœึธื”, ื‘ึฐึผื ึดื™}}. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื”, ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื•ืงื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืชื•. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืคื™ ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืžืงืจื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื ืขืจ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 37. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื›ืฉืฉืœื— ื™ื“ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœืช (ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”) ืฉืžืข ืžืœืืš ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืฉืžื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื™ื“ื• ืืœ ื”ื ืขืจ. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื•ืจื•ืื” ืื™ื™ืœ, ืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืš ื‘ืกื‘ืš ื‘ืงืจื ื™ื• ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืฆืืช ืžืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ, ืืฃ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืขื‘, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›"ืขื•ืœื” ืชืžื™ืžื”".


ื‘ืื’ื“ื•ืช [[ื—ื–"ืœ]] ื ืืžืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื” (ื”ื•ื ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช). ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืขืงื‘ ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืœืš ืืœ ืฉืจื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ืฉืจื” ืžืชื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช.
ื‘ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืจืฉื™ [[ื—ื–"ืœ]] ื ืืžืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื” (ื”ื•ื ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช). ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืขืงื‘ ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืœืš ืืœ ืฉืจื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ืฉืจื” ืžืชื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช.


ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืœืืš ื”' ืืžืจ ืœ[[ืื‘ืจื”ื]] ืœื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื• [[ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•]] ืจืื” ืื™ืœ ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื•ืœื–ื›ืจ ื–ื” [[ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ]] ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘[[ืฉื•ืคืจ]] ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืœ.{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื‘}}
ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืœืืš ื”' ืืžืจ ืœ[[ืื‘ืจื”ื]] ืœื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื• [[ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•]] ืจืื” ืื™ืœ ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื•ืœื–ื›ืจ ื–ื” [[ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ]] ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘[[ืฉื•ืคืจ]] ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืœ.{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื‘}}


==ื—ืชื•ื ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ื•==
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ 40 ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื [[ืจื‘ืงื”]], ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ. ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ [[ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”]]{{ื”ืขืจื”|ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”, ืคืจืงื™ื ื' - ื‘'.}} ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช 14.
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ 40 ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื [[ืจื‘ืงื”]], ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ. ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ [[ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”]]{{ื”ืขืจื”|ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”, ืคืจืงื™ื ื' - ื‘'.}} ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช 14.


ืฉื•ืจื” 32: ืฉื•ืจื” 38:
{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™-ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธืฆึธื ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืึนื—ึถื–ึถืช ื‘ึทึผืขึฒืงึตื‘ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘}}{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื•}}.
{{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™-ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธืฆึธื ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืึนื—ึถื–ึถืช ื‘ึทึผืขึฒืงึตื‘ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘}}{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื•}}.


ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืืžืจ: {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ึทื™ึดึผื’ึฐื“ึฐึผืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึฐึผืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฆึทื™ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื“ึถื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืชึธึผื ื™ืฉึตืื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื}}{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื–}}.
ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืืžืจ (ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื): {{ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ|ื•ึทื™ึดึผื’ึฐื“ึฐึผืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึฐึผืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฆึทื™ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื“ึถื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืชึธึผื ื™ืฉึตืื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื}}{{ื”ืขืจื”|ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื–}}.
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ย 
[[ืจืฉ"ื™]] ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ื“ื’ืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘, ื“"ื”: "ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง" - ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื–ืงืง ืœื•ืžืจ [[ืื‘ืจื”ื]] ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืฆื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื” ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœื ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืžื ื•.
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ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืงื‘"ื”? ืฆืจ ืงืœืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง.


ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืชื™ื—ืก ื’ื ืœื™ื™ื—ื•ืกื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ืงื” ืื™ืžื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืจื•ืฉ ื“"ื”: "ื‘ืช ื‘ืชื•ืืœ ืžืคื“ืŸ ืืจื ืื—ื•ืช ืœื‘ืŸ" - ื•ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืช ื‘ืชื•ืืœ ื•ืื—ื•ืช ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ืžืคื“ืŸ ืืจื?! ืืœื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืจืฉืข ื•ืื—ื•ืช ืจืฉืข ื•ืžืงื•ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ ืจืฉืข, ื•ืœื ืœืžื“ื” ืžืžืขืฉื™ื”ื.


ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœืš ืขื [[ืจื‘ืงื”]] ืœ[[ื’ืจืจ]]. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืžืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืฉืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื•ืชื•, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื ืกื• ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืจื‘ืงื”.
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœืš ืขื [[ืจื‘ืงื”]] ืœ[[ื’ืจืจ]]. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืžืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืฉืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื•ืชื•, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื ืกื• ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืจื‘ืงื”.

ื’ืจืกื” ืžึพ18:33, 22 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2021

ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืคื ื” ืœื›ืืŸ ืื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืจืื• ื™ืฆื—ืง ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฆื—ืง (ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•ื ื™ื)

ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ืงื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืจื‘ืงื” ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”

ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• (2048 -2228) ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ "ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช", ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืกืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” - ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืกื•ื›ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืฉืคื™ื–ื™ืŸ.


ืœื™ื“ืชื• ื•ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•

ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2048 ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ.

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืŸ 100 ื•ืฉืจื” ืื™ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืช 90 ื ื•ืœื“ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืจืš ื›ื ืขืŸ (ื™ืฉืจืืœ).

ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืงืฆืจื”, ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืืœื” ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง"‏[1], ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง"‏[1] ื›ืš: "ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงืจื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืžื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“"ื ืข"ื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื–ืงืง ืœื•ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืฆื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืจื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื” ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืœื ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืžื ื• ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฆืจ ืงืœืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง" ‏[2].

ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 8 ื™ืžื™ื™ื.

ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื™ื’ืžืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืฉื ื’ืžืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืขืฉื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.

ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื›ืขืก ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืจืง ื—ืฆื™ ื•ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—.

ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง

{{ืขืจืš ืžื•ืจื—ื‘|ืขืจืš=ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืžืœืš ื’ืจืจ ื›ืจืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”' ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื‘ื ื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก. ื”ืžืงืจื ืžืชืืจ ื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ืขืฆื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืชืžื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื” ืœืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืžืกืชื™ืจ ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื•: "ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื™ึดืจึฐืึถื”-ืœึผื•ึน ื”ึทืฉึถึผื‚ื” ืœึฐืขึนืœึธื”, ื‘ึฐึผื ึดื™". ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื”, ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื•ืงื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืชื•. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืคื™ ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืžืงืจื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื ืขืจ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 37. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื›ืฉืฉืœื— ื™ื“ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœืช (ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”) ืฉืžืข ืžืœืืš ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืฉืžื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื™ื“ื• ืืœ ื”ื ืขืจ. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื•ืจื•ืื” ืื™ื™ืœ, ืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืš ื‘ืกื‘ืš ื‘ืงืจื ื™ื• ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื ืขืงื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืฆืืช ืžืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ, ืืฃ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืขื‘, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›"ืขื•ืœื” ืชืžื™ืžื”".

ื‘ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืจืฉื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื ืืžืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื” (ื”ื•ื ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช). ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืขืงื‘ ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืœืš ืืœ ืฉืจื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ืฉืจื” ืžืชื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืœืืš ื”' ืืžืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืจืื” ืื™ืœ ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื•ืœื–ื›ืจ ื–ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืœ.‏[3]

ื—ืชื•ื ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ื•

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ 40 ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืจื‘ืงื”, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ. ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”‏[4] ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื– ื‘ืช 14.

ื‘ืžืฉืš 20 ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืจื‘ืงื” ื‘ื ื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืŸ 60 ื•ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 23 ื•ืื– ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื”ื ืขืฉื™ื• ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•.


ืœืขืฉื™ื• ืงืจืื• ืขืฉื™ื• ื•ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืงืจืื• "ื™ืขืงื‘":

"ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฆึตื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืึทื“ึฐืžื•ึนื ึดื™ ื›ึปึผืœึผื•ึน ื›ึฐึผืึทื“ึถึผืจึถืช ืฉึตื‚ืขึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึฐืื•ึผ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื•"‏[5].

"ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™-ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธืฆึธื ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืึนื—ึถื–ึถืช ื‘ึทึผืขึฒืงึตื‘ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘"‏[6].

ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืืžืจ (ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื): "ื•ึทื™ึดึผื’ึฐื“ึฐึผืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึฐึผืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฆึทื™ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื“ึถื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืชึธึผื ื™ืฉึตืื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื"‏[7].


ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœืš ืขื ืจื‘ืงื” ืœื’ืจืจ. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืžืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืฉืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื•ืชื•, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื ืกื• ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืจื‘ืงื”.

ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื–ืืช ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืžืœืš ื’ืจืจ ื ื–ื”ืจ ืžืœืžื”ืจ ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืขืงื‘ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืจื•ืื” ืื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ืงื” ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ืฉื•ืื™ื, ื‘ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื - "ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืžึฐืฆึทื—ึตืง ืึตืช ืจึดื‘ึฐืงึธื” ืึดืฉึฐืืชึผื•ึน". ื”ื•ื ืžื–ืžืŸ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืจื‘ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื’ืจื ืœื›ืš, ืฉืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืจื‘ืงื”. ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ืฆื˜ื“ืง ื‘ืื•ืžืจื• ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืงืจ ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ื”ืจื’ื•ื”ื•, ื•ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื ืฆืœื•ืชื• ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืชื•ื›ื—ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช: "ืžึทื” ื–ึนึผืืช ืขึธืฉึดื‚ื™ืชึธ ืœึธึผื ื•ึผ? ื›ึดึผืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืฉึธืื›ึทื‘ ืึทื—ึทื“ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึถืช ืึดืฉึฐืืชึถึผืšึธ, ื•ึฐื”ึตื‘ึตืืชึธ ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืึธืฉึธืื", ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืฆื—ืง ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืืฉืชื• ื™ื•ืžืช.

ื›ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืชืขืฉืจ, ื”ืคืœื™ืฉืชื™ื ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ื•, ื•ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืžืื™ืชื ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื’ืจืฉ ืื•ืชื•. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืช ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ ื’ืจืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืื ืฉื™ ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš, ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ืขื ืคื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืจ ืฆื‘ืื• ื•ืื—ื•ื–ืช ืจืขื”ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืืฆืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื”ื, ื•ืœื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ื’ื ืขื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ืฉื ืฉื›ืจืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื›ื™ ืจืื• ืฉื”' ื”ื™ื” ืขืžื•. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ืืš ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื• ืžืฉืชื”. ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ืืฃ ืœื ื™ื ืืฆืœื•, ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื ื ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™, ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื™ืช.

ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื”ื‘ ืืช ืขืฉื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืขืงื‘. ืขืฉื™ื• ืžื›ืจ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ืขืฉื™ื• ื•ืขืฉื™ื• ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืš ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”' ืฉ"ืจื‘ ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืฆืขื™ืจ", ืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื’ื ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื•.

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ 75 ื ืคื˜ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืœื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ื”ื, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ื‘ื“ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืืช ื™ืฆื—ืง.

ื‘ืฉื ืช 2228, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ 180, ื ืคื˜ืจ‏[8] ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื” "ื–ืงืŸ ื•ืฉื‘ืข ื™ืžื™ื"‏[9] ื•ื ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื” .

โ€

ื‘ื ื™ื•

ืขืฉื™ื• ื ืงืจื ืขืฉื™ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉ:"ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฆึตื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืึทื“ึฐืžื•ึนื ึดื™ ื›ึปึผืœึผื•ึน ื›ึฐึผืึทื“ึถึผืจึถืช ืฉึตื‚ืขึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึฐืื•ึผ ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื•".

ื ืงืจื "ื™ืขืงื‘" ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉ:"ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™-ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธืฆึธื ืึธื—ึดื™ื• ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืึนื—ึถื–ึถืช ื‘ึทึผืขึฒืงึตื‘ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ืฉึฐืืžื•ึน ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘".

ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื“ืœื• ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื ื™: "ื•ึทื™ึดึผื’ึฐื“ึฐึผืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึฐึผืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึตืฉึธื‚ื• ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฆึทื™ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื“ึถื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืชึธึผื ื™ืฉึตืื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื".

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื

  1. โ†‘ 1.0 1.1 ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื™"ื˜
  2. โ†‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื™"ื˜.
  3. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื‘
  4. โ†‘ ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”, ืคืจืงื™ื ื' - ื‘'.
  5. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื”
  6. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื•
  7. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›"ื”, ื›"ื–
  8. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืœ"ื”, ื›"ื—.
  9. โ†‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืœ"ื”, ื›"ื˜.


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