ื“ืจืฉื ื™:ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื’-ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (Zvi Ryzman)

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื’

ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

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ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื (ื ื“, ื) "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืจ ื™ืคืช, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืžื ื“ื‘ืจ" [ื•ื›ืš ื ื”ื•ื’].

ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื, ืฉื”ืงืฉื•: "ืžื™ืชื™ื‘ื™, ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื•ื. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ืื”, ืžื‘ืจืš ืžื™ื“". ื”ื˜ืขื ืœื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืืฉ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื— ื”"ื”) "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ื‘ื, ื•ื ืชื™ื™ืจื ืื“ื ื•ืืžืจ, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’, ื˜ื•) ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉื•ืคืš ืจืืฉ ื•ืืชื” ืชืฉื•ืคื ื• ืขืงื‘, ืฉืžื ื‘ื ืœื ืฉื›ื ื™. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉืขื” ื–ื™ืžืŸ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื ื™ ืจืขืคื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืงื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ. ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืžืจ, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื”". ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื™ืคื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช "ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื•ื", ืื•ืœื ืงืฉื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื [ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืœ], ื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื•.

ื•ืชื™ืจืฆื•: "ืœื ืงืฉื™ื, ื›ืืŸ [ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื] ื‘ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืืŸ [ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช] ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื". ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ืฉื) ืืžืจื•: "ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื". ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื: "ื‘ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื“ืœืง ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืžืœืื›ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื“ืœืง ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื”, ืื• ื ืจ ื”ื“ื•ืœืง ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื“ื”ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื•, ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื".

ื•ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' - ืขืœ ื”"ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ" ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžืืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื“ืœืงื” ื‘ื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ืœืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ [ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื• ืฉื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ืœืง ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืื• ืฉื”ื•ื“ืœืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื•ืœื” ืื• ื™ื•ืœื“ืช]. ื•ืขืœ ื ืจ ื–ื” "ืฉืฉื‘ืช ืžืžืœืื›ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ", ืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.

ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ: "ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื•ื".

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ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช

ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื ื•ื‘ืข ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืคืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืกืข' ื“) "ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืขืชื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืขืžื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš" [ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: "ืฉื”ื“ืœื™ืงื• ื ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื• ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช, ื•ื˜ืขืžื ืฉื’ื ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืจ ื”ื ื‘ืจื ืžื—ื“ืฉ", ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื ืก"ืง ื˜]. ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื ืจ 'ืฉืฉื‘ืช', ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช', ืืœื ืžื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืฉ ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืœืื•ืจื”.

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ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื—ึทื–ึตืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื•ืจ

ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื ืœืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื ื’, ื‘) "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘, ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื—ื–ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช". ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืื•ืจ, ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•". ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื) "ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•". ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืžืกื™ื™ื: "ื•ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•".

ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”, ืœื ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื—ึทื–ึตืจ ืื—ืจื™ื”, ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื’ื ืœืœื ื ืจ, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ (ืฉื) "ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืืœื ืœื–ื›ืจ ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ". ืื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ึทื–ึตืจ ืื—ืจื™ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

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ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ - ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”

ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” (ืฉื ืก"ืง ื) ืชืžื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืจ ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืจื™ "ื’ื ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื• ืžื•ืชืจื™ืŸ". ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ: "ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืชืงืŸ ืœื–ื›ืจ ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช". ืืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžื” ืชื™ืจืฅ ื‘ื›ืš, ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืคื ืงืฉื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช', ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื“ืœืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ื•ื‘ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืก"ืง ื‘) ื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”, ืฉื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช "ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืฉืืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉื ืืกืจ ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืจ". ื•ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ (ืฉื) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื•: "ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื™ื•"ื˜, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื“ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ื•"ื˜, ื•ื—ืœื•ืง ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฉืืจ ื™ื•"ื˜ ื“ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ื•"ื˜ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืกื•ืจ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ืžืžืœืื›ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ื•, ืžืฉืืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืืฉ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื [ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช] ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ึทื–ึตืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ื•ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.

ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™ (ืืžืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื) ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื: "ื“ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•"ื˜ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื•. ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืœืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื”"ื›. ื•ืฆ"ืœ ื“ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ, ื‘ื–ื” ืื ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืงืจืื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื™ืŸ ืืช ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื™ื•"ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื”"ื›. ืœื–ื” ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ื•ื“ื•"ืง ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืฉืจืžื– ื‘ืžืชืง ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืœืžืฉ"ื›" [ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื: "ื“ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืข"ื› ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ, ืžืฉื"ื› ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื›ืž"ืฉ ื‘ืค"ื“ ื“ืคืกื—ื™ื ื "ื“ ืข"ื"].

ื•ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆื, ื•ื›ืš ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืœืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื”', ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•"ื˜ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ'. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื™ื•ื”"ื› ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช', ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ (ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื‘) ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•, ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœื ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฉืืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื ืืกืจ ื‘ื• ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืจ ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”".

ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื "ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”", ื•ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืคืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

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ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื•ืก, ื”ืื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืื” ื”ืืฉ

ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื’"ื, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™ ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.

ื”ืจืž"ื (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื) ื›ืชื‘: "ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื•ืก ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ื”ืืฉ ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื". ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™: "ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืื ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื•ืก ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ื”ืื ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื“ืœืคื™ ืžืฉ"ื› ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ื”ืื™ ื’ื•ื•ื ื ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš".

ื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื "ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”", ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื•ืก ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื” 'ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ', ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ืืœื ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื™ื—ืกื™ืจ ืืžื™ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืคืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื•ืก ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ืฉืคื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื”.

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ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ

ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื˜ ืก"ืง ื•) "ืฉื›ื— ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืืœื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื•ืจื ืคืจื™ ื”ื’ืคืŸ ื•ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื•ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ืืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช". ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืก"ืง ื™ื—) "ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืืชื•", ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ.

ื•ืื ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืคืกืง ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืจืฆื˜ ืก"ืง ื˜ื–) ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืขืง"ื, ืฉืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืžื—ืจืช ื™ื•"ื˜, ื•ื–"ืœ: "ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืจืขืง"ื ื‘ืฉื ืกืคืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ืŸ, ื“ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื”ื’' ื™ืžื™ื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืœืฉื‘ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื"ื› ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื’ืจืข"ื ืžืฆื“ื“ ืฉื ื“ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื' ืฉืื—ืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ืข"ืฉ".

ื•ืžืขืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื ื˜ืขื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ (ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื– ืกืข' ื›ื”) ืคืกืง "ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืžื—ืจืช, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ. ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ".

ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืชืงื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืžื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื ืชืงื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื˜ืขื ื–ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•. ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ "ืžืฉืœื™ื" ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืœืžื—ืจืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืงื˜ ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ: "ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ืื—ืจื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื™ื".

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ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื (ื ื“, ื) ืžื•ื‘ื, ื›ื™ "ืจื‘ื™ ืžืคื–ืจืŸ, ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื›ื ืกืŸ". ื•ืคืจืฉ"ื™: "ืจื‘ื™ ื›ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืจ, ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ืžื™ื“, ื•ื›ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืœืกื•ืฃ ืฉืขื” ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื›ื ืกืŸ [ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื ืจ ื•ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื] ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืก, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ".

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืคืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื‘ื™ืืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืฉื ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื” (ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื’, ื) ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉ"ืคื™ื–ืจ" ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืกื“ืจืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš "ืœื›ื ืกืŸ", ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื ืขื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. [ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื“ื™ื™ืง ืžืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ "ื•ื›ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืœืกื•ืฃ ืฉืขื” ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ", ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื].

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ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช

ื•ืืžื ื ื”ืžื’"ื (ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืก"ืง ื–) ื›ืชื‘ ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื›ื• "ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืฉื‘ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ". ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืžื˜ื” ืืคืจื™ื (ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืกืข' ื—) "ืืข"ืค ืฉื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื•, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• [ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืฆ"ื— ื•ืขื™"ืฉ ื‘ื˜"ื– ื•ืžื’"ื ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื™ื•ื ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืืกืจ ื‘ื• ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื, ืขื™"ืฉ]". ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื• ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” "ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืฉื‘ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ", ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื.

ืื•ืœื ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื (ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืก"ืง ื’) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉื’ื ืื "ื—ืœ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืื‘ื ื™ื, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืจ. ื•ื™ืจืื” ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื™ ืื ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื•".

ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจื›ื“ ืก"ืง ื–) "ืื›ืŸ ืื ื—ืœ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื–ื” [ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืืฉ ืฉื”ื“ืœื™ืงื• ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช]. ืื›ืŸ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ, ื•ืขื›"ืค ื‘ื ืจ ืฉื”ื“ืœื™ืงื• ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ".

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ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ - ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”

ื•ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื’ื“ืจื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›, ื”ืื ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”.

ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” (ืกื™' ืจืฆื• ืกืข' ื— ื“"ื” ืœื) ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•: "ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื’"ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื“ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ืจืฉืื™ื [ื ืฉื™ื] ืœื‘ืจืš ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืก, ื“ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ื”ื. ื•ื”ื ื“ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื”ืžื’"ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื“ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืœืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืื” ื”ื•ื, ื“ืœื ื ืชืงืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื“ืื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจื"ืฉ". ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ืค"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• [ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ] ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ืœื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืขืœืžื ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ืื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืžื‘ืจืš, ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš [ืœื‘ืจืš] ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื›ืฉื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ".

ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื’"ื ื›ื™ ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• 'ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ', ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืืœื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ [ืœืขื™ืœ ืื•ืช ื] ืฉื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื ืชืงื ื” ืœื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ. ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืื• ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ.

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืคื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื ื’, ื) "ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื, ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืจืš ืœืขืฆืžื•. ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืจืš ืœื›ื•ืœืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™ื“, ื›ื—) ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื‘ ืขื ื”ื“ืจืช ืžืœืš". ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืคื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข (ืฉื) ืžื“ื•ืข ืœืคื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืฉืื—ื“ ื™ื‘ืจืš ืœื›ื•ืœื: "ื“ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื›ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื” ื˜ืคื™ ื”ืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื“ื‘ืจื‘ ืขื ื”ื“ืจืช ืžืœืš, ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื–, ื›ื—) ื•ื™ืจื•ืžืžื•ื”ื• ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืขื ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื–ืงื ื™ื ื™ื”ืœืœื•ื”ื•, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื ืžื™ (ืฉื ืงื˜, ืœ) ืื•ื“ื” ื”' ืžืื“ ื‘ืคื™ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื‘ื™ื ืื”ืœืœื ื•".

ื•ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืกืข' ื‘) "ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื•ื™ื ื“ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ื”ื˜ืขื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื– ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืืฉ ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื (ื ื“, ื). ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื™ืš ื˜ืขื ื–ื”, ืืœื ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ืชืจื” ื”ื”ื“ืœืงื”, ื•ื”ื•ื™ ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ". ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžืฉืžืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื (ืฉื) ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื“ื”ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื•, ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื". ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืกืข' ื“) "ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื‘ืขืจื”".

- ื™ -

ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื ื’, ื‘) "ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช", ื•ื–"ืœ: "ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ื–"ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ [ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ] ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื“ืื™ื ื” ืืœื ื”ื ืื” ื“ื ืคืฉื™ื”. ื•ืื•ืจ ื“ื ืงื˜ ืœืจื‘ื•ืชื ื ืงื˜ื™, ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื“ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื‘ืจืš, ืกืœืงื ื“ืขืชื ืืžื™ื ื ืœื™ื”ื“ืจ, ืงืž"ืœ ื“ืœื. ื•ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื›ื ืœืžื™ืžืจ ื“ืžื”ื“ืจ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืกื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื• ืžื•ืชืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื•".

ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื™ ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื›'ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ', ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ืฉื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•. ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืฉื”ื™ื "ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื™ ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื• ื›'ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ' ืืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ืฉื‘ื—, ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื.

- ื™ื -

ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”.

ืื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”. ืืš ืื ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”, ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืฉื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ.

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื "ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”", ื•ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช "ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืฉืืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉื ืืกืจ ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืจ", ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืžื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ 'ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ'. ื•ืื ื›ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžื’"ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืืฉ, ื•ืœื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ.

ืข

ืžืžื•ืฆื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžื“ื ื•, ื›ื™ ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช.

ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช - ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื’"ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ. ื•ืจืื” ืœื”ืœืŸ [ืขื ืฃ ื‘ ืื•ืช ื‘] ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ืฆืข"ื’.

ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื - ืžืฉืžืข ืžืจืฉ"ื™, ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ. ืืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื”"ื› [ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ] ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื [ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืžื”ืื•ืจ].

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื“ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

- ื™ื‘ -

ื”ื ืื” ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ - ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”

ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ืค"ื— ืž"ื•) ื ืืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ืขื“ ืฉึถืื™ึตึผืื•ึนืชื•ึผ ืœึฐืื•ึนืจื•ึน". ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื“) "ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจื•, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช". ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืื ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ืื” ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื•ื”ืŸ ืื ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื‘ื— ืขืœื™ื•.

ืืœื ืฉื”ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื”ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื”ื ืื” [ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื ืคืจื™ ื”ืขืฅ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจื™]. ื•ืžืขืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื”.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื’) ื ืคืกืง: "ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื". ื•ื‘ืจืž"ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ: "ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ ื™ื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืื—ื•ื– ื”ื›ื•ืก ื‘ื™ื“ ืฉืžืืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืคื•ืฃ ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื™ื“, ืฉืื– ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืœื ื™ืจืื” ืคื ื™ ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ื". ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– (ืก"ืง ื‘) "ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืื™, ื•ืฉืžืขื ื• ืžื–ืงื ื™ื ื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉืจื˜ื•ื˜ื™ ืคื™ืกืช ื”ื™ื“ ืœื”ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ื•. ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืคืจื•ืช ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื. ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜ ื›ืชื‘, ื›ืš ื”ืžื ื”ื’, ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื™ื• ืœืชื•ืš ื™ื“ื• ื•ืžื—ืฉื™ืš ืชื—ืชื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืฉื˜ืŸ ื•ื ืžืฆื ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืš, ื•ืžื‘ืจืš, ืฉื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ืื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ".

ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜, ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื (ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉื) ื›ื™ "ืœื˜ืขื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ ืœืงื˜ ืžื‘ืจืš ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ". ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ื™ื ืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืงื•ื“ื ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืœืฉื‘ื— ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืงื•ื“ื ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื”.

- ื™ื’ -

ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืžื”ืื•ืจ [ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ื”ื ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ื‘ืขืจื”, ื•ื”ื ืื” ืžืื•ืจ] - ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ, ืืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื“ืœืงื” ืขืœ ื”'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ืฉื‘ื” ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.

ื•ืื ื›ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง (ื—ืœืง ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื•) "ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืจ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืงืขืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ", ืืœื ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ, ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ื• ืžืื•ืจื•".

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื ืจืื” ืฉืื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืœื ืฉื•ืงืขืช, ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ ืื™ืคื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื“ืœืงื” ื’ื ืœืœื ื”ื ืื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ.

- ื™ื“ -

ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื™ื“

ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื‘) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืงื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”: "ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืžืื™ ืฉื ื ืžื”ื“ืก ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื“ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ืื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืž"ืฉ ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ".

ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื–ื”, ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›.

ื•ืืžื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื’"ื ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—, ืื‘ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื [ืจืฉ"ื™, ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ] ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื”"ื› [ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ืื•ืจ] ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื [ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืžื”ืื•ืจ], ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื•.

ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืžื™ื ืฆืงื™ ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื—ื•ื– ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืก ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืก"ืง ื›ื˜) "ื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื—ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื›ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจ"ื• ืก"ื“".

- ื˜ื• -

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ื•ืจืช ื—ืฉืžืœ

ื‘ืกืคืจ ืคืกืงื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืกื™' ืจื—ืฆ ืื•ืช ื™) ื›ืชื‘: "ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื–ืจ ืื—ืจ ืืฉ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืžื ืจ ืื‘ื•ืงื”, ืื• ื ืจ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืื• ื’ืคืจื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืžืฆื™ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ื—ืง ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ืืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืฉืงื•ืคื”, ืฉืคื™ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ 'ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ', ืืš ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืจืช ืœื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืคื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืœื‘ื ื” [ืื• ืฉืืจ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื], ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืคืœื•ืจื•ืกื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ืืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“".

ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืขืจื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืขืฉื• ื›ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื” "ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืขื™ื“ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื ื—ืœืช ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื•) ืขืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ืžื‘ืจื™ืกืง, ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืื•ืจ (ื—"ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื) ืขืœ ื”ื’"ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจ ื’ืจื•ื“ื–ื™ื ืกืงื™ ืžื•ื™ืœื ื [ื•ื”ื’ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื ื’ื ืืฉ ื•ืื‘ื•ืงื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืจืฆื• ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื–ืจื ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื“ื™ื ื• ื›ืืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ, ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื›ื‘ื” ื•ืžื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ืžื“ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื”ื ืฉืกื‘ืจื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ]. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืฆืคื ืช ืคืขื ื— ืžืจื•ื’ืืฆ'ื•ื‘, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจ ืฆื‘ื™ (ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื“)".

ืื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ืืจ ืžืฉื” (ื—"ื• ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืขืœืงื˜ืจื™ืง ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื’) "ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืจืง ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ [ื—ืฉืžืœ] ืฉื”ื•ื“ืœืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค. ืื•ืœื ืื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ [ื•ืœื ื‘ื"ื™] ืื•ืจ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ ื“ื•ืœืงืช ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค ืขื“ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืืš ื•ืจืง ืื•ืจ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ ื›ื–ื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ืœื›ืื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ืื ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืื ื›ื•ื— ืื•ืจ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืžืฉืขื” ืœืฉืขื”, ืื– ื”ื•ื™ ืื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• [ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืกืข' ื”) ื ืคืกืง ื›ื™ ื’ื ื ืจ ืฉื”ื“ืœื™ืง ืขื›ื•"ื ื‘ื™ื•ื”"ื›, ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช']. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืชืืžืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืงื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื”, ืฉื’ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืœื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ ืฉื•ื‘ืช, ื•ื ื•ืฆืจ ื›ื— ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ ืžืฉืขื” ืœืฉืขื”, ื•ืข"ื› ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™, ื’ื ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืื‘ื•ืงื” ื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ื” ืœื‘ืจืš".

ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื• ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›. ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ืขื“ "ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจื•" ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื’ื ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ืžืžืœืื›ืช ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ื ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืœื•ืงื” ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ืขื“ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื”ื—ื’, ืื•ืœื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื—ืฉืžืœ [ืืฉ] ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืืฉ ื”ื•ื“ืœืงื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” (ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื”) "ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ืื•ื™ืขืจื‘ืš, ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื•, ืื•ืกืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื ื•ืจื” ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืืฉ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื•ืจื’ืข" [ื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืื•ืจื™ ืืฉ (ืคืจืง ื”' ืขืž' ืฆื’) ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ ืขืœ ื ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ ืœืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื’ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช' ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืืฉ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื•ืจื’ืข].

- ื˜ื– -

ืกื•ืžื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ

ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ (ืกื™' ืชื›ื• ื“"ื” ื•ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืžืื•ืจื”) ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ืœ ืฉืกื•ืžื ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืœื‘ื ื”, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช: "ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื”ืžืฆื•ื” [ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ] ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืœื—ื•ื“, ืืœื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืขื ื”ื”ื ืื”, ื›ื“ืงืชื ื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจืื” ื”ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ื•ื™ืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจื”. ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื "ืœ ื“ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืคื™ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš, ืืฃ ืฉืืžืจื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจื•, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื” ืœืื•ืจื” ืืœื ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ืงืื™, ื•ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืกื•ืžื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืื•ืจื•ืช".

ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืื™ืคื•ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉืกื•ืžื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ.

ื•ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’"ื ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื’ื ืกื•ืžื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื“ืœืงื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.

- ื™ื– -

ืื‘ื•ืงื”

ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื (ื—, ื) "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื, ืื‘ื•ืงื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ". ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื‘) "ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืงื”". ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ (ืก"ืง ื”) "ืฉืื•ืจื” ืจื‘".

ื‘ืขืช ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืืžืจ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ืจ' ื‘ืจื•ืš ืคืจืฅ (ื‘ืจื ื™) ื•ื™ื–ืœ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื‘ื•ืงื”, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืื•ืจ, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืงื”. ืื•ืœื ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ืจ' ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื“ื•ื‘ (ื‘ืืจื™) ืงืื”ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืกื— "ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ" [ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื•ืจื•ืช], ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื‘ื•ืงื”.

- ื™ื— -

ืืžืจ ื‘ื•ืจื 'ืžืื•ืจ ื”ืืฉ'

ืขื•ื“ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื) "ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ". ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืฉื ืก"ืง ื‘) ื•ื–"ืœ: "ื“ื›ืžื” ื ื”ื•ืจื ืื™ื›ื ื‘ื ื•ืจื ืœื‘ื ื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืงื”. ื•ืื ืืžืจ ืžืื•ืจ ื”ืืฉ, ื“ืขืช ื”ื‘"ื— ื“ืœื ื™ืฆื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“".

ืื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ (ืฉื ืกืข' ื“) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื˜ืขื ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืงื”: "ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืงื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืžืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืื•ืจื•ืช. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืฃ ื›ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื™ื‘ืจืš ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืจ, ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ืื“ื•ืžื” ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ื™ืจืงืจืงืช".

ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื‘ื•ืงื” ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื ืจ ืื—ื“ [ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช], ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื 'ืžืื•ืจ' ื”ืืฉ ื™ืฆื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“.

- ื™ื˜ -

ื ืจ ื‘ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื

ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื˜ื•) ื ืคืกืง: "ื ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ืงื•, ืื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื ืก (ืคื™' ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืจ ืฉืœื ืชื›ื‘ื”), ืื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื, ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจื”, ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจื”".

ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืก"ืง ืœื–) "ื“ืืข"ืค ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืืกืคืงืœืจื™ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืžืงืจื™ ื–ื” ืจืื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ื“ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื•ืจ ืžื’ื•ืœื”".

ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ืœื ื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš "ืฉื™ื”ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืื•ืจื”", ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืื•ืจ, ื•ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื’ื•ืœื”.

ืข ืข ืข

ืขื ืฃ ื‘ - ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

- ื› -

ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช [ืขื ืฃ ื‘] ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืกื™' ืจืฆื• ืกืข' ื—) ืฉื‘ื™ืืจ ื›ื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”, ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืคื›"ื˜ ื”"ื) ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœื–ื•ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืžื ื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช [ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืœืžื“ ืžื”ื”ื™ืงืฉ 'ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ']. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื—) ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืžื ื”.

ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื• ืกืข' ื—) ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช: "ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื›ืฉื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื—ื•ืœืง". ื•ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉืคืกืง ื›ื“ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” [ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘"ืกืชื"] ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืž"ื ื›ืชื‘: "ื”ื’ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื‘ื“ื™ืœื• ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ืจืง ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื".

ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืฉื ืก"ืง ืœื”) ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ื”ื‘"ื— ื›ืชื‘ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืฉืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืขืฆืžืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืœื•ืœื‘ ืฉื’ื ื›ืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื›ื™ ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงืค"ื˜. ื•ืžืกื™ืง ื”ืžื’"ื ื“ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื—".

ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”: "ื•ื”ื ื” ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื’"ื (ืœืขื™ืœ ืก"ืง ื“) ื“ื ื”ื’ื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืก ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืœืื• ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ืืš ืชื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžื”, ื•ื”ืœื ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืก, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื’"ื ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืžื™ ืœืฆืืช, ื“ืื– ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื” ืชื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื” ื•ืชืฉืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”".

ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื.

ืœื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ืฉื•"ืข, ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ. ื•ืคืกืง ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืฉืื ืชืจืฆื ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ืŸ, ื›ืฉื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ. ืืžื ื ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ื—ืง ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ ื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืืฉื” ืœื ืชืฉืชื” ืžื›ื•ืก ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

- ื›ื -

ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.

ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” (ืกื™' ืจืฆื• ืกืข' ื— ื“"ื” ืœื) ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืžืกืชืคืงื ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ื“ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” (ื›ื "ืœ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื), ืื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ. ื“ื‘ืฉืœืžื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื“ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื“ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืชืงื ื•ื”. ืžืฉื"ื› ื ืจ ืฉื ืชืงืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ืžื ื ืœืŸ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืขืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื—ื“ื ื“ื™ื ื ืœื”ื•. ื“ื–ื” ืื™ื ื•, ื“ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืื•ืจ, ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืฆ"ื— ืก"ื. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืกื“ืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื—ื“ื ื“ื™ื ื ืœื”ื•".

ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื—ื“ ื’ื™ืกื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื [ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืœืžื“ ืžื”ื™ืงืฉ 'ื–ื›ื•ืจ' ืœ'ืฉืžื•ืจ'], ืชืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”. ืื•ืœื ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื, ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”, ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ - ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ.

ื•ืžืกื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”: "ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื™ ืขืœืžื".

- ื›ื‘ -

ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ื˜ืขืŸ ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื” (ื—ื•"ืž ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื–) ืฉืชื™ ื˜ืขื ื•ืช.

ืจืืฉื™ืช: "ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื“ื”ื ืขืฆื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ืจืขื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืจืื• ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืชืงืŸ, ืฉื™ื‘ืจื›ื• ืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืชืงื ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉืื ื›ืŸ ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื›ื ืื™ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื“ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื–ื” ื›ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฆื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืชื™ืงื ื• ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ. ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื“ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ืœืื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืœืง ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ืฉื’ื ืžื“ื™ื ื ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืœื‘ืจืš".

ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื”, ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืืœื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืชืงื ื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, [ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืงื ื• ืขืœ ืจืื™ื™ืช ืคืœืื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืืœื ืขื“ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืœื• ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ].

ืฉื ื™ืช, ืชืžื” ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”: "ืืฃ ืื ื ื™ืžื ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื’ื ื‘ื–ื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื”ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื“ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื›ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ืฉืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ืš ืชืืžืจ ื•ืฆื•ื ื•, ื›ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืจ"ื” (ืœื’, ื ื“"ื” ื”ื) ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื•ื ื• ื’ื ืœื“ื™ื“ื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš, ืžืื—ืจ ื“ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ื ืœื‘ืจืš, ื•ืœื™ื›ื ืžืฉื•ื ืœื ืชืฉื".

- ื›ื’ -

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื ื˜ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื›ื™ ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช [ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืจื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ [ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืช ื™ื] ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื—].

ื•ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” (ื—"ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื— ืื•ืช ื’) ื ืงื˜ ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื›ืŸ: "ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื’ืžืจื ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื” ื“ืขื” ื‘ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืจ ืžืื‘ื ื™ื, ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื”ืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื’ื ืืฉื” ืชืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื“ื’ื ื—ื•ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื•ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ืจ. ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืคื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช [ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื ืฃ ื ืื•ืช ื˜] ื“ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืขืฉ. ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื“ื’ื ืืฉื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื ืจืื” ื“ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ. ื•ื’ื ืžื“ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจื•, ื•ืžื”ืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื”ืกื•ืžื ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš".

ื•ื›ืŸ ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ืืจ ืžืฉื” (ื—"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื—) ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืชื‘ืจื›ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ืฉื‘ื— ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื”: "ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื• ืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืืฆืœื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืชื™ืžื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ืจื“ืชื™ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื“ืขืชื•, ื“ื”ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื ืชืงืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืฉ"ืง, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื™ ื›ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉ. ื‘ืจื›ืช ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช (ืคืกื—ื™ื ื ื’, ื‘ ื“"ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ) ื“ื—ื–"ืœ ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืจืง ื›ืฉื’ื•ืคื• ื ื”ื ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื™ ื“ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืžื”ืœืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ืจื ืขื•ืœืžื• ื•ื‘ืจื ื‘ื• ื”ืืฉ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืœื”ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืฉื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื• ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืฉื” ืœื ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•. ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื“, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ".

ืข

ื ืžืฆื ืื™ืคื•ื, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช, ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”, ื”ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ืืจ ืžืฉื”, ืžื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

[ื] ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืืœื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืชืงื ื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ื•ืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช [ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”].

[ื‘] ื’ื ืื ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• [ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”].

[ื’] ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ืฉื‘ื— ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ [ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ืืจ ืžืฉื”].

[ื“] ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืืฉืจ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื” [ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”].

- ื›ื“ -

ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื”ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืื– ื ื“ื‘ืจื• (ื—"ื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื–) ื ืงื˜ ืฉื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืš ืื ื™ืจืฆื•, ืืœื ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืกื‘ื• ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•:

"ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ ื”ื‘ื ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ื“ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืื™ื ื ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจืง ื“ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื“ื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื•ืžืกืชืคืง ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื“ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื’ื ืœื”ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื“ืž"ืž ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื ื• ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ืžื’"ื ื•ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ ื›ื”ื‘"ื— ื“ืœื›ื•"ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ืขื•ืฉื”, ื“ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ืจื” ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื“ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืฉื•ื ืกืคืง". ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ "ืœืคื™ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ืžืจืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”".

ื•ื’ื ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ (ื—ืœืง ื™ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื’) ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ืืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืืฉื” ืฉืชืจืฆื” ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื›ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื: "ืžื” ืฉื‘ืœื•ื— ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ื“ืคืก (ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”) ื“ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื ื™ื‘ืจื›ื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ื•ืžืชืคืจืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื›ื–ืืช. ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื’ื™ื— ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ื›ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืขืฆืžืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืœื ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ื’ื ื›ืฉืฉื•ืžืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืื™ืฉ. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ืŸ. ื›ื™ ืฉืคื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืฉื ืฉืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื’ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื“ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžื’"ื ื•ืžื—ืฆื”"ืฉ ื•ืขื•ื“".

ื•ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ: "ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ื‘ืกื™' ืจืฆ"ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื“"ื” ืœื) ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื–ืืช. ื“ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืกืชืคืง ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืž"ื“ ื“ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉืื–ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชืงืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืฉื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืื™ื ื” ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื“ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื. ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ืฉ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืืŸ, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื” ืฉื ืคืกืง ื’ื‘ื™ ืชืงื™ืขืช ืฉื•ืคืจ (ืื•"ื— ื‘ืกื™' ืชืงืคื˜ ืกืข' ื•) ื“ืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš ืœื”ืŸ. ื–ื”ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘, ื•ืฉืžืกื™ืง ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืœื›ื•"ืข (ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”). ื•ืฉืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ืฉื’ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœื ื™ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ (ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืžื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืื™ืฉ) ืžื–ื” ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ ื›ืœืœ".

ื•ืžืกื™ื™ื: "ื•ืฉืคื™ืจ ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื•ื ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืžื™ื”ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ืฉื ืฉืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื›ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืจืž"ื ื‘ืกื™' ืชืงืค"ื˜ ืฉื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ืฉืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื•ื ื• ื›ื“ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžื”ื’"ื ืฉื".

- ื›ื” -

ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื’ื ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืกื™ืง ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ืœื“ืขืชื• ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช:

[ื] ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ืœื›ื” ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ื•ื›ืš ืชื™ืงื ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืืช ืฆื•ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืฉืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืฃ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ: "ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื’ื ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืคื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื•ืชื™ืงื ื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœืกื“ืจืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ. ื•ืืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื’ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืกื™' ืชืจืฆื’ ืื•ืช ื) ื“ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืฉื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ืœืขืฆืžื” ื’ื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื. ื•ืœืคืœื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ื” ื“ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืคื•ืžื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืžื, ื•ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื›ืจ ืืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ".

[ื‘] ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืžื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘: "ื‘ืกืคืจ ื›ืœ ื‘ื• (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื˜ืขืžื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ืจืง ื‘ืžื•ืฆืฉ"ืง, ื‘ื–ื”"ืœ: ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื ืืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืง ืœื”ื ืืชื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืคื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื—ืžื ื›ื ื’ื“ื•, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืžื ื•, ืขื›"ืœ. ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื‘ื• ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืฉื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื•ืจืง ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืฉ"ืง ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืง ืœื”ื ืืชื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืžื ื•. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืฉืคื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืž"ืข ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืจืžื, ื•ืฉืคื™ืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื–ื”".

ืข

ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืœืžื ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื ื•ื•ื›ื— ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ื ื›ื›ื•ืœื ื ืงื˜ื• ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืจืฉืื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ืœื•ื ื”ืžื”: ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”, ืงื ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ืืจ ืžืฉื” ื•ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืงื˜ ื”ื’ืจ"ืข ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ื•ื” ื“ืขืช (ื—"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื–) ื›ื™ "ื ืขืœื ืžืขื™ื ื• ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— [ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”] ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžื“ื•ื›ื” ื–ื• ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืจื•ื‘ื ื›ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื‘ืœ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืคืกืงื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ, ื•ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืœื ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืžื ื”ื’".

ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ืขืœื”ื• ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ืœ (ืขืž' ืงืžื•) ืžืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ืื•ื™ืจืขื‘ืš ืฉืืžืจ: "ืืฃ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืš, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื• ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ".

ื•ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืฉืจื™ ื”ืื™ืฉ (ืคืจืง ื™ื’) ื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘: "ืืฉื” ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ื•ืจืื™ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื ื“ ืข"ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืงื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืชืงื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ, ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืกืžื•ืš ืข"ื– ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ. ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฆ"ืข".

- ื›ื• -

ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

ื•ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื ื˜ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ. ื•ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื' ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ื‘ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” [ืฉืœื ื›ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื], ื•ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืืกืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.

ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉื›ืŸ ื ืงื˜ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ืž ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ื•ืš ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช (ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื’) "ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื ืจืื” ื“ืชื™ืงื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื“ืข ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืื•ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ, ื•ืœื ื“ืžื™ ืœืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ื ื•ืืกื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ืืช ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื” ืฉื–ื”ื• ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื“ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”ื›"ืค ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ".

ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ืชืžื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืกืงื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช (ืกื™' ืชืจื›ื“ ืื•ืช ื“) ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืื•ืชื ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืชืขื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื“ืจื‘ื ื• ืชื, ื•ืœื”ืŸ ืงืฉื” ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช. ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืชืฉืชื“ืœื ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืžืื—ืจ, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืื ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื—ืœ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœ. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžืื—ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉืชื• ืžื›ื•ืก ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืœื•ื ืœื•ื’ืžื™ื•". ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš: "ื•ื ืจืื” ื“ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืœื ืชื‘ืจืš ืœืขืฆืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ื™ื‘ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžืžื ื•". ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ืชื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ.

- ื›ื– -

ื”ื‘ื˜ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจ

ืžืžื•ืฆื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ื ืคืง"ืž ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื›.

ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจืฆื— ืกืข' ื’) ื ืคืกืง: "ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื". ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื ืื” ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ (ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆื• ืก"ืง ื™ื‘) "ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื™ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืฆืคืจื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ื•ืจื ืžืื•ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ. ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื˜ืขื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืคืž"ื’ (ืืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืก"ืง ื”) ื˜ืขื ื”ื‘ื˜ื” ื‘ืฆืคืจื ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉื• ื›ื•ืœื• ืฆื™ืคื•ืจืŸ, ื›ืฉื—ื˜ื ื ืคืฉื˜ ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืจืง ื”ืฆืคืจื ื™ื, ืขื™ื™"ืฉ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื’ืจืžื• ืœื–ื”. ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”, ืœืคื™ ืฉืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื’ืคืŸ ื”ื™ื”".

ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ 'ื ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืช', ื•ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื–ื•, ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื• ื‘ื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืจื” [ืฉืœื ื›ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื], ื•ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืืกืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืคืจื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื”.