ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ืชืœืžื•ื“ื™ืช:ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื’ืจืกื” ืžึพ18:06, 3 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2020 ืžืืช Rakovsky (ืฉื™ื—ื” | ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช)
(ื”ื‘ื“ืœ) โ†’ ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช | ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” (ื”ื‘ื“ืœ) | ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ื‘ืื” โ† (ื”ื‘ื“ืœ)
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
ืขืจืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ืžืชืคืจืกืžื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

ืขื•ืจืš ืจืืฉื™: ื”ืจื‘ ืคืจื•ืค' ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจื’

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ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš - ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืš ื›"ืกืžื•ืš", ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื.

ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื•ื’ื“ืจื”

ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื โ€“ "ื–ืงื ื™ื" โ€“ ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื ืงืจื "ืกืžื™ื›ื”"[1], ืื• "ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื" โ€“ ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื ืงืจื "ืžื™ื ื•ื™"[2] - ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืฉื”[3] - ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืฉื”[4].

ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืืœื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืข"ืข ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.

ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื• ืืฆืœ ืžืฉื” ืฉืกืžืš ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”' ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืงื— ืœืš ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื’ื•' ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืžืฉื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ื”' ืื•ืชื• ื•ื™ืงื— ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื’ื•' ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื’ื•'[5]. ื•ื›ืŸ ืกืžืš ืžืฉื” ืืช ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื[6], ื•ืื•ืชื ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ืกืžื›ื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืžืคื™ ืื™ืฉ ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•[7].

ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื›ืฉืกืžืš ืžืฉื” ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื™ื“ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ: ื•ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืจื•ื— ื—ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ ืกืžืš ืžืฉื” ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื•[8], ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ื“ ืืžืจื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ: ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• โ€“ ืฉื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืชืœืžื•ื“ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš[9], ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืžื ืจ ืœื ืจ[10], ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื: ื•ื™ืืฆืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืจื•ื— ืืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื™ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื’ื•'[11]. ืืžื ื ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ื“, ืืœื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื• 'ืจื‘ื™'[12], ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื• ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช[13]. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืืžืจื” ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ืืœื ืืฆืœ ืžืฉื” ืฉืกืžืš ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข[14], ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ืื™ืฉ ืžืคื™ ืื™ืฉ, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื›ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ืžื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”[15]. ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ืœื ื ืชืคืจืฉ[16]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช[17]. ื•ืืฃ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืชื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื“ื•ืŸ[18], ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืžืฉื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื™ื“[19].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“

ื™ืฉ "ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื—ืฆืื™ืŸ"[20], ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื—ื›ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืจืง ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“[21], ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”[22], ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืชืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ*[23], ืื• ื™ืชื ื• ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืชืžื™ื[24]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืื ื ืชื ื• ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช[25].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ

ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื—ื›ื ืœื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™[26], ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืกืžืš ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื• ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ, ืื• ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืขืžื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”[27], ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœืจ' ืฉืžืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืœื™ืจื“ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ, ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื™ื ื• โ€“ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื” ืœืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ โ€“ ืขื“ ืฉืชื‘ื ืืฆืœื ื•[28], ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื ืงืจืืช ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ "ืขืœ ืชื ืื™"[29], ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™: ืžื™ื ื•ื™ "ืœื™ืžื™ื"[30]. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื” ืื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ[31]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื ื” ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉ ืœืขื•ืœื ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื ื” ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžืžื ื” ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”, ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืžืกืชืœืง[32].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ

ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžื™ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ[33], ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืกืžื›ื• ื’ื ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืœืฉืœื ืื ื˜ืขื”[34].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช

ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืจืฉืื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื›ืš[35], ื•ืœื›ืš ืื ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ื˜ืขื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœืฉืœื[36]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื•ืื ื“ื ื• ื•ื˜ืขื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืœื, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžืžื ื™ื ืกืžื•ืš ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื•ืจืง ื”ื•ื ืื ื˜ืขื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื[37].

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ[38], ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ[39]. ื•ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื[40], ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœืš โ€“ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื–ืงื ื™ื โ€“ ืœื ืชื”ื ืืœื ืขืœ ืื“ืžืชืš[41]. ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืฉืชื™ืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืจืจื•ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”[42], ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืชื™ืงื ื• ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื™ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื™ืชื ื• ื“ืขืชื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื ื—ืœืชื[43]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉืคืข ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื—ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืงื‘ืขื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ[44]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื, ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืกืžื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืจืจื” ืขืœ "ืงื”ืœ", ื•ืื™ืŸ ื ืงืจืื™ื ืงื”ืœ ืืœื ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ[45]. ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ[46].

ื›ืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ื” ืขื•ืœื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœืกืžื™ื›ื”[47], ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ื” ืขื•ืœื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืœืคื™ ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื[48], ืืœื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืขื•ืœื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ[49].

ืื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืœื ืืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉื ื™ื”[50], ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ื”ื’ื” ืืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืืœื ืฉืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ[51].

ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“

ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืฃ ืื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“[52], ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืกื•ืžืš ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ[53], ืืœื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœื• ืื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช[54]. ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืกื•ืžืš ื•ื”ื ืกืžืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ืื ื”ื™ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”[55], ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื[56]. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกื•ืžืš ื•ื”ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“[57].

ืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื ืกืžืš

ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื•ืŸ, ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืจืืฉ ื’ื•ืœื” ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืื• ืฉื˜ืขื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืขืœืช ืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ืจืื•ื™[58], ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืžืงื“ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื—ืœื” ืขืœื™ื•[59]. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื—ืฆืื™ืŸ[60], ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื• ืืฃ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื•[61].

ืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื

ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ื• โ€“ ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื“-ื–ื•ืžื* ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ, ืฉืคืกื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืฉืจ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช[62] - ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืœื• ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื•ืžื›ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช[63], ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื•ืžื›ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืจืื™ื™ืช ืžื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ื”ืจื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™[64].

ื ืกืžืš ื•ื ืคืกืœ

ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื ืคืกืœ - ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขื“-ื–ื•ืžื* ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉืคืกื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช[65], ืื• ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืกืจื™ืก* ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉืคืกื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช[66] - ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ืกืžื™ื›ืชื• ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืขืชื”[67]. ืืžื ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื ืคืกืœ ืœืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ โ€“ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืกื•ืžื[68] โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ืชื• ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื• ืขืชื” ื›ืœืœ, ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืš ื™ืคื” ืจืขื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืš[69], ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืงื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื•ื[70].

ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืืกืคืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืขื[71], ื•ื›ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืืกืคื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืœืกืžื•ืš[72].

ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœื™

ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœื™, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืกืžื›ื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื’ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ื–ืจืขืš ื›ื•' ืžื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชืš ื›ื•', ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชืš ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื[73], ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ืชื”ื ื”ื›ืจืช ื–ืงื ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื•ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ[74].

ื˜ืœื™ืช ืžืงื•ืฉื˜ืช ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ื ืกืžืš

ืžื ื”ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืชืช ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื˜ืœื™ืช ืžืงื•ืฉื˜ืช ื‘ื–ื”ื‘ ("ื’ื•ืœืชื ื“ื“ื”ื‘ื")[75], ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื›ื•ืœื ื’ื•ืœืชื ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงื•ื˜ืข ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœื• ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื˜ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื•[76].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”

ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืกืชืคืง ืื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ืฉืžืื—ืจ ืฉืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืฉื”[77], ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”[78].

ืชื•ืืจ ืจื‘ ื•ืจื‘ื™

ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ืจื‘: ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื ืงืจืื™ื "ืจื‘", ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ื ืงืจืื™ื "ืจื‘ื™"[79].

ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื

ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื

ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื[80]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ืฉืœื“ืขืช ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ืžืฉื”[81], ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืฃ ืœื“ืขืช ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”[82]. ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”[83]. ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืืœื• ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•[84], ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื”[85], ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืžืชืงื ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื[86].

ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื

ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€“ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ - ื•ืื—ื“ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื” โ€“ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืœืฉื” โ€“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœืฉื” โ€“ ื”ื“ื ื™ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช[87] - ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ื”ืกืžื•ืš[88], ื•ื‘ื™ืืจื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื“ื™ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืžืš ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื[89]. ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ื”ืกืžื•ืš[90].

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื

ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืกืžื•ืš, ื•ืžืฆืจืฃ ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืกื•ืžืš ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื™ืจืฆื”[91], ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืœื ืื—ื“ ืกืžื•ืš, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื• ื•ืกื•ืžืš ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ ืื• ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืขืฉื” ืขื ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืฉืกืžืš ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื™ืกืžื›ื• ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื[92]. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืกืžืš ื—ืžืฉื” ื–ืงื ื™ื[93], ื•ืืฃ ืฉื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืกืžืš ืœื‘ื“ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœืกืžื™ื›ื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืžื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•[94], ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•[95]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœืžื“ื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืกืžืš[96], ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืฉื ื™ื ื• ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ื‘ืขืฆืžื•[97]; ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื[98], ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืฉืงื“ ืœื”ืกืžื™ืš ืืช ืจ' ื—ื ื™ื ื ื•ืจ' ื”ื•ืฉืขื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื• ("ืœื ืืกืชื™ื™ืขื ืžื™ืœืชื")[99], ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืžื™ื›ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืฆืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืขืžื•[100]; ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืืฃ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืžืฉ, ืืœื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• "ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื”", ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืžื ื” ื”ืกื•ืžืš ืขื ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”[101].

ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื

ืฉืœืฉ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœืชื, ื•ืื ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ืœืกืžื•ืš ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ โ€“ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืช ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ[102], ืื• ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“[103] - ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื”, ื•ื‘ื•ืจืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช[104]. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขื•ื“, ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”[105]. ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ืกืžืš ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช[106].

ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš

ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื[107], ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืฉืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ื ืกืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื[108], ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืกืžื™ื›ืชื•, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขื™ืจ[109], ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ืžืœืื• ืœื• ื™"ื— ืฉื ื”[110] ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื–ื”[111]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืกืžื™ื›ืชื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื—ืžืช ืขื ื•ื•ืชื ื•ืชื•, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืœื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืš[112].

ื“ืขืช ื”ื ืกืžืš

ื“ืขืช ื”ื ืกืžืš, ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขื›ื‘ืช, ื•ืื ื”ื ืกืžืš ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืกืžืš, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”[113].

ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื

ืื—ื“ ื”ื ืกืžืš ืžืคื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืื• ืžืคื™ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืžื™ืš ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ืกืžื•ืš ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ืœื[114], ื•ืจืื™ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ[115], ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืžื ื” ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ื™ืกืžื›ื• ืืœื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื[116], ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืกื•ืžืš ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•, ื•ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžืš ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขืžื•[117], ืื‘ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื[118]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืกืžืš ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืืœืฃ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“[119]. ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืกืžืš ืื•ืชื• ืงื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ[120].

ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื”ื ืกืžืš, ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื ื—ื›ื ืžื•ืคืœื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”[121], ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื•, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื›ืœื• ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉืœื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืžืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื ื”ืขื•ื•ืœ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื—ืจ ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ื—ื›ืžืชื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื• ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ืกืžื•ืš[122].

ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืกืžืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื

ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื ื—ืœืงื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš, ื•ื”ืกืžื•ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืืฃ ืื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื”[123]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืชืžื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืฉืืžื ื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื ืชื™ื ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื ืฉื™ื ืื• ืžืจืืฉ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืืœื ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื”[124].

ืžื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ - ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื ืืœื ืžื•ืžื—ื”[125] - ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื“ืงื ืกืžื•ืš ืื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื”[126]. ื•ืืžืจื•, ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” โ€“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ[127] - ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช[128].

ืœื ืžืฆืื• ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจืื”, ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืกืชืคืงื• ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจืื”[129].

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื”

ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื โ€“ ื•ืžื•ืกืจื™ื ืืช ื ืคืฉื[130] โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืืจื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช[131]. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘, ื‘ืจื ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืฉืžื•, ืฉืืœืžืœื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ืœื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืคืขื ืื—ืช ื’ื–ืจื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืขื” ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ืžืš ื™ื”ืจื’, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื™ื”ืจื’, ื•ืขื™ืจ ืฉืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื” ืชื™ื—ืจื‘ ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื” ื™ืขืงืจื•[132], ืžื” ืขืฉื” ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื, ื”ืœืš ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืฉื ืœืฉืคืจืขื, ื•ืกืžืš ืฉื ื—ืžืฉื” ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื•ืืœื• ื”ื: ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ, ื•ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, ื•ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™, ื•ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืข, ืจื‘ ืื•ื™ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืฃ ืจ' ื ื—ืžื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืื• ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ืืช ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื[133]. ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืกืžืš ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืืฃ ืฉืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืกืžื•ืš ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ[134]. ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ื”ืจื’-ื•ืืœ-ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ*, ืžืกืจ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ื ืคืฉื• ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฉืžื“ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ืงืœื”[135].

ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืŸ ืจ' ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื[136], ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ืชืจ"ืข ืœืฉื˜ืจื•ืช[137], ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช[138], ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ืฉืืฃ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืฉื ืช ืชืจ"ืข ืœืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืืชื™ื ื•ืชืฉืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืืœื ืฉืœื ื—ืฉืฉื• ื•ืืžืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืื•ืช[139]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืœื ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืฉื ืช ื“"ื ืง"ืก[140]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ื“' ืืœืคื™ื ืจ"ืก ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื—ืชื ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“[141].

ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ืื—ืจ ืฉืคืกืงื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื[142], ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ืกืžื•ืš ืฉื™ืกืžื™ืš ืื—ืจื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœืกืžื•ืš ืื•ืชื, ื”ืจื™ ืืœื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื[143], ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื™ืš ื›ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื™ืš ื›ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”[144], ืฉืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ื›ื‘ืขื‘ืจ[145]. ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื“ืขืชื, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ[146]. ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ืœื ืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ื™ื‘ื ื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ[147], ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ื›ืŸ ืžืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืขืœ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืฉืืœืžืœื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ืœื• ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช[148], ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœืกืžื•ืš[149]. ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ื”ื•[150].

ืœื”ืœื›ื”, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ[151], ื•ื›ืŸ ืกื‘ืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ืฆืคืช ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”[152].

ืืฃ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช: ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ืกืžื•ืš ืื™ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืœื ืจืง ื“ืขืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœืฉื” ืฉืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืกืžื•ืš, ื•ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื“ืขืช ื›ื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœื–ื” ื”ืกืžื•ืš[153].

ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฆืคืช

ื‘ืฉื ืช ื—ืžืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ืจืฆ"ื— ื”ืชืืกืคื• ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืฆืคืช, ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื”ื โ€“ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ - "ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš", ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš "ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืืฉืจ ื™ืจืื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœืกืžื•ืš"[154], ืืš ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื–ื”[155], ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื[156].

ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”

ื ื—ืœืงื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืขืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืกืžื™ื›ื”[157], ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”[158].

ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื

ืœืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืชื›ื ืกื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ[159], ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ, ืฉืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ[160].

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื

ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ืื• ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ "ืื’ืจืช ืจืฉื•ืช" ืื• "ืคืชืงื ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื" ืœื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืžื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ: ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžื ื™ื ืืช ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขืžื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื• ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื[161]. ื•ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืชื•ืืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื "ื›ืชื‘ ืžืกืžื™ืš" ื•ืœื ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžืžืฉ, ืœื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช[162].

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืžื›ืชื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”"ืกืžื•ืš" ื‘ืชื•ืืจ "ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•" ื•ื‘ืชื•ืืจ "ื—ื‘ืจ"[163], ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ืจื ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ืžื”ืจื‘[164]. ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื•[165]. ื˜ืขื ืชื™ืงื•ื ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืืœ ื™ื”ื ืœื• ืขืกืง ืขืžื”ื[166], ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืชืงื ื” ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ืœืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืชืคื•ืฆืช ืืฉื›ื ื– ื•ืฆืจืคืช ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื ืกืžืš ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ื• ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ[167]. ืขื•ื“ ื˜ืขื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉืžืื—ืจ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืืœื ืื ื ื˜ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื•, ืœื›ืš ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• "ืจื‘", ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื”[168]. ื•ืœืคื™ ื˜ืขื ื–ื”, ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืช ืจื‘ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื•[169].

ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช

ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืกืžื™ื›ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื˜ื[170], ื•ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืจื‘ื™ื”[171], ื•ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืคืจื ืงืคื•ืจื˜[172], ื•ื‘ืงื ื“ื™ืื”[173]. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืชื™ืงื ื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื•ืžื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืžืš[174].


ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื

  1. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื‘.
  2. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื, ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืขื™' ื™ืจื•' ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืค"ื” ื”"ื’, ืื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืข"ืข ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื: ื”ืจื‘ ืกื•ืžืš ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•' ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืค"ื’ ื”"ื‘: ื”ืจื‘ ืžืžื ื” ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•. ื•ืขื™' ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘ ืื•ืช ื˜ื• ื•ืื•ืช ื™ื˜, ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื“, ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 12, ืœื›ืš ื ืงืจื ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืœื ืกืžื™ื›ื”.
  3. โ†‘ ืžืฉื ื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ ื; ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื.
  4. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืคื”ืž"ืฉ ืฉื. ืืžื ื ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœืžืฉื ื” ืฉื ื•ืจืž"ื” ื•ืจ"ื™ ืžืœื•ื ื™ืœ ื•ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื’ ื‘, ืฉืคื™' ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืคืจ ื”ืขืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืข"ืข ืกืžื™ื›ื”. ื•ืขื™' ืจืข"ื‘ ืฉื ืค"ื ืž"ื’, ืฉืคื™' ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื”ืคืจ, ื•ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืค"ื˜ ืž"ื–.
  5. โ†‘ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–, ื™ื—, ื›ื‘-ื›ื’.
  6. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื, ื•ืขื™' ืกืคืจื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื ื˜ื–, ืขื”"ืค ืฉื ืืกืคื” ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืžื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื– ื.
  7. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื.
  8. โ†‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“ ื˜.
  9. โ†‘ ืกืคืจื™ ื–ื•ื˜ื ืขืž' 321. ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืขืž' ืงืœื˜, ืฉืข"ื™ ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืžืฉืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื— ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื”.
  10. โ†‘ ื‘ืž"ืจ ื›ื ื˜ื•, ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืคื ื—ืก ืื•ืช ื™ื.
  11. โ†‘ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ื ื›ื”.
  12. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘; ื™ืจื•' ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืค"ื’ ื”"ื‘: ืžืžื ื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืคื”, ื•ื™ืจื•' ืฉื ืค"ื” ืž"ื•.
  13. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื‘, ื•ื‘ืคื”ืž"ืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ืž"ื; ืขื™' ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื’ ื‘.
  14. โ†‘ ื—ื ื•ืš ืž' ืชืฆื.
  15. โ†‘ ืื’"ืž ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื ืขื ืฃ ื“.
  16. โ†‘ ืชื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ืž"ื’. ื•ืขื™' ืœื—ื ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘, ืฉืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœืกืžื•ืš ื’ื ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืžืš ื•ื”ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื, ื•ืขื™' ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ืื•ืช ื˜ื• ื•ืื•ืช ื™ื˜, ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืกืžื›ื• ืืฃ ืœื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ืขื™' ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ื—"ื‘ ืขืž' ืงืœื˜ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื•ืฉื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื™"ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืกื™ื ื™ ื›ืจืš ื” (ืชืจืฆ"ื˜), ืขืž' ื›ื‘-ื›ื˜, ื•ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื"ื™ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ"ื™ ืคื•ืจืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžื‘ื•ื ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ, ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื—"ื“ ืจื’ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื’ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ, ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืฉื ืฉื“ื—ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื”ื "ืœ.
  17. โ†‘ ื”ืจ"ื™ ื”ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ืก' ื”ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 132.
  18. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ: ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
  19. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉื; ืกืž"ืข ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื ืกืง"ื˜.
  20. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื” ื‘.
  21. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื; ืขื™' ื™ืจื•' ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืค"ื ื”"ื—; ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  22. โ†‘ ื™ืจื•' ืฉื; ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื—. ื•ืขื™' ืœื—"ืž ืฉื ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•', ื•ืขื™' ื›"ืž ื•ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืจ"ืŸ ื ื“ืจื™ื ืขื— ื‘ ืฉื“ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•'.
  23. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื” ื‘: ื™ื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืจื” ื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืืœ ื™ืชื™ืจ.
  24. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื.
  25. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘ ืื•ืช ื™ื–.
  26. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื” ื‘; ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  27. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืค"ื“ ื”"ื˜.
  28. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ื•ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืจืž"ื” ืฉื. ื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืง"ื™ ืฉืขืœ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชืš, ื•ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืค"ื ื”"ื—. ื•ืข"ืข ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืค"ื’ ื”"ื’ ื•ื‘ืค"ืž ืฉื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืžื"ื™ ืœื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื—ื–ืจื•.
  29. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื, ื•ืขื™' ืจ"ื— ืฉืž' ืฉื”ืชื ืื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื"ื™ ื•ืื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœื”.
  30. โ†‘ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ืจืš ื˜-ื™, ืขืž' ืงืœ, ืžืจ"ื ื”ื•ืจื‘ื™ืฅ, ืฉื“ืŸ ืื ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ืชื•, ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ืœืจืื•ื™ ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืกืžื›ื• ืืช ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœืกื•ืžื›ื• ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
  31. โ†‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื ื“"ื” ืขืœ ืชื ืื™.
  32. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื‘, ื•ืงื”"ืข ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืค"ืž ืฉื ืฉืคื™' ื‘ืข"ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™"ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื ืคื™' ืื—ืจ.
  33. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค ื‘: ืื™ ื’ืžื™ืจ ืจืฉื•ืชื ื‘ืขื™ ืœืžื™ืฉืงืœ.
  34. โ†‘ ืœื—"ืž ืฉื ืข"ืค ืชื•ืก' ืฉื ื“"ื” ืื™ ื’ืžื™ืจ. ื•ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืฉื•ืช ืื• ืฉืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื™' ืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื“ื™"ื’ ื‘ ืื•ืช ื’, ื•ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  35. โ†‘ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื” ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ "ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืฉืžื•", ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•.
  36. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื.
  37. โ†‘ ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ื™"ื. ื•ืขื™' ืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉื, ืฉื ืงื˜ ืฉืืฃ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ ื‘ ื“"ื” ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืŸ. ื•ืขื™' ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช.
  38. โ†‘ ืžื›ื•ืช ื– ื.
  39. โ†‘ ืจื™ื‘"ืœ ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื, ื•ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืจืž"ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’, ืžืฆื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื”"ื– ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืจืš ื˜-ื™ (ืชืฉื™"ื—-ืชืฉื™"ื˜), ืขืž' ืชืงื ื’ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ืฉื“ืŸ ืื ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื"ื™ ืื• ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ืข"ืฉ ื ืคืง"ืž ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ.
  40. โ†‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื• ื™ื–.
  41. โ†‘ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืค"ื’ ื”"ื’.
  42. โ†‘ ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืจืืฉ ืกื™' ืจืž"ื–.
  43. โ†‘ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืจืืฉ ืฉื.
  44. โ†‘ ืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืžืฉ"ื› ื‘ื–ื” ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืื•ืช ื˜.
  45. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืœื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืค"ื“ ืžืฉื ื” ื’, ืข"ืค ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื’ ื.
  46. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื; ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื•.
  47. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื•.
  48. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
  49. โ†‘ ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ื›"ืž ื•ืฆ"ืค ืฉื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.
  50. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืขืจืš ื"ื™ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”, ื›ืจืš ื‘, ืขืž' ืจื™ื’-ืจื™ื—.
  51. โ†‘ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืกื™' ื’ ืก"ืง ื™ื˜, ื•ืขื™' ืœืขื™ืœ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ...-... ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืœื›ื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ืืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื˜ืขื ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื "ืื“ืžืชืš", ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงื”ืœ ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืœื ื‘ื"ื™, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื›ืžืฉ"ื› ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืคื”ืž"ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืค"ื“ ืž"ื“ ื•ื‘ืกื”"ืž ืž"ืข ืงื ื’ ื•ืขื•ื“. ื•ืœื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉืจืจื” ืืœื ื‘ื"ื™, ื”ื•ื ืชืงื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจืฆื• ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื"ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืฆ"ืข ืœืขื˜ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื”"ืง.
  52. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื•, ื•ืขื™' ื›ืก"ืž ื•ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืฉื ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ืข"ืค ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 46, ืฉืž' ืฉื"ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ื›ืฉืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื"ื™, ื•ืž' ืฉืื ื”ื ื‘ื"ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืฃ ื›ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“.
  53. โ†‘ ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื.
  54. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืค"ื’ ื”"ื’: ืจ' ื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื” ื‘ืคื™ืชืงื, ื•ื‘ื™ืคื” ืขื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ืคื™', ืฉืฉืœื— ืœื• ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืชืžื ื•ืช, ืืš ื‘ื™ืค"ืข ืฉื ืคื™' ืฉื”ื›ืชื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืืœื ืœื”ื•ืจืื”.
  55. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื™ื“ ืจืžื” ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ื™"ื.
  56. โ†‘ ื™ื“ ืจืž"ื” ืฉื.
  57. โ†‘ ื™ื“ ืจืžื” ืฉื, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“, ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื, ื•ืขื™' ืชืฉื•' ืžื”ืจ"ื ืงืืฉื˜ืจื• ื•ื”ื’' ืžื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื“' ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื‘ ืขืž' ืคื-ืคื’, ื‘ื˜ืขื ืฉืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœื ืกืžื›ื™ื.
  58. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”ื˜"ื• ืข"ืค ื”ื’ืž' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื– ื‘.
  59. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื. ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจื™"ืง ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืงื™ื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ.
  60. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 20 ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  61. โ†‘ ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืž' ืชืฆื.
  62. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ืขื“ ื–ื•ืžื, ื•ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื– ื โ€“ ื‘.
  63. โ†‘ ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืกื™' ื– ืก"ืง ื‘.
  64. โ†‘ ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืฉื, ื•ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค ื‘.
  65. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ืขื“ ื–ื•ืžื, ื•ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื– ื โ€“ ื‘.
  66. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ืกืจื™ืก.
  67. โ†‘ ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืกื™' ื– ืก"ืง ื‘, ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื–ื•ืžื; ืžื "ื— ืž' ืชืฆื, ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื–ื•ืžื ื•ืกืจื™ืก.
  68. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื‘ ื”"ื˜, ื•ืข"ืข ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ.
  69. โ†‘ ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื“ ื–.
  70. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘. ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืฉื.
  71. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  72. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื‘"ืž ืคื” ื‘ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืจืฆื” ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ืœื ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื•ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืืกืคื™ื. ื•ืขื™' ื™ื“ ืจืžื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื, ืฉืคื™' ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ ืจื‘ื™ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ. ื•ืขื™' ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื ืื•ืช ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจื•' ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืค"ื˜ ื”"ื‘.
  73. โ†‘ ืฉ"ื ื‘ ืœื-ืœื‘.
  74. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื ื•ืจืฉ"ื™.
  75. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื‘"ืž ืคื” ื.
  76. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืค"ื’ ื”"ื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ื—"ื“ ืขืž' ืงืžื.
  77. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 80 ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  78. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช: ื–ืžื ื, ื•ืข' ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช: ื–ืžื ื. ืžื "ื— ืž' ืชืฆื, ืข"ืค ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื’, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืชืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืื ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื• ื’ืžืจ ื“ื™ืŸ.
  79. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืื’ืจืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœืจื‘ ืฉืจื™ืจื ื’ืื•ืŸ, ืžื”ื“' ืœื•ื™ืŸ ืขืž' 125, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืืจ "ืจื‘ื™" ื›ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืืจ "ืจื‘ืŸ".
  80. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืžืฉื ื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ ื (ื•ืข"ืฉ, ืฉื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, ื•ื›"ื” ื‘ื’ืž' ืฉื ื’ ื‘, ืืžื ื ืขื™' ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืงื ื‘: ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™, ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ: ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ) ื•ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื•ืขื™' ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืž' ืฉื ื™ื’ ื‘, ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื. ื•ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืฉื: ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื•ืขื™' ืคื ื™ ืžืฉื” ื•ืงื”"ืข ื‘ื™ืจื•' ืฉื, ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื ื—ืช ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืคื™' ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืขืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ืข"ืข ืกืžื™ื›ื”.
  81. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืฉื, ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ืžืฉื”, ืฉืœื ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ืื• ืœืกืžื™ื›ืช ืขื’ืœื” ืขืจื•ืคื”, ืข"ืข, ื•ืขื™' ื”ื’ืž"ื™ ืœืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ, ืฉืคื™' ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ืคืกืง ื›ืจ"ืฉ ื•ืœื ื›ืจ"ื™; ืขื™' ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื“ ื‘. ื•ืขื™' ืชื•ืก' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื ื“"ื” ื•ืขืจื™ืคืช.
  82. โ†‘ ื›ืกืฃ ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื, ื‘ืคื™' ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฉื ื—ืœืง ืขืœื™ื” ืจ"ื™ ื”ื™ื ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืขื’ืœื”, ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ืฉืชืžื”.
  83. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื”. ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืฉื: ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจ"ื™, ื•ืขื™' ื ื—ืœ ืื™ืชืŸ ืค"ื” ืื•ืช ื’' ื•ื–' ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืžื” ืฉืคืกืง ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ, ื•ืขื™' ืชื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ืœืžืฉื ื” ืฉื.
  84. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื: ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื ืœืŸ, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืงืฉื™ื. ื•ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืจืž"ื”. ืืžื ื ืžื”ืจ"ื— ื•ื”ืจืž"ื” ืฉื ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ืจืกื• ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื ืœืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจ ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ืœื ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื, ื•ืขื™' ื“ืง"ืก ืฉื ืื•ืช ื›. ื•ืขื™' ื—ืžืจื ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฉื.
  85. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ืขื™' ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื, ืฉืืข"ืค ืฉื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืงืฉื™ื, ืž"ืž ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื’'.
  86. โ†‘ ืžื "ื— ืž' ืชืฆื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื”ืจื™"ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืก' ืชื—ื•ืงื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืข"ืค ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืจืš ื’' ืขืž' 290.
  87. โ†‘ ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื.
  88. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื.
  89. โ†‘ ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื.
  90. โ†‘ ืชื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ื‘ืค"ื ืž"ื’ ืžื’ื™ื” ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžืฉ"ื› ื”ืœื—"ืž, ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืื—ื“ ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืžื™ืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื ืžืฆื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืกืžื•ืš ืžืคื™ ื”ืกืžื•ืš, ื›ื’ื™' ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื [ื•ืœื "ื›ืœ"] ื‘ืงืจื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœืžื‘ื™"ื˜ ืจืค"ื“. ืืš ื‘ืคื”ืž"ืฉ ืจื™ืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืž"ื’) ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื•ืขื™' ื”ื’' ื”ืจ"ื™ ืงืืคื— ืฉื ืžืฉื ื” ื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™-ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืœ' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉื”ืชื•ื™ื•"ื˜ "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืืžืช".
  91. โ†‘ ืคื”ืž"ืฉ ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ืž"ื’.
  92. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”ื™"ื. ื•ืขื™' ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืž' ืชืฆื, ืฉื”ืžืกืžื™ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืขืžื• ื‘' ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื• ื‘' ืฉืื™ื ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืขื™ื™"ืฉ.
  93. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื.
  94. โ†‘ ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื.
  95. โ†‘ ื—ื™' ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื, ื•ืฉื ืฉืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘' ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื ืขื ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื.
  96. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื.
  97. โ†‘ ื›"ืž ืฉื ืค"ื“ ื”"ื’. ื•ืขื™' ื—ืžืจื ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฉื”ืงืฉื” ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื” ืกืžืš ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืฉืžื ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืžื• ื•ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจื• ืžื—ืžืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”, ื•ืขื™' ื”ืžื’ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื”.
  98. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  99. โ†‘ ืฉื ื™ื“ ื.
  100. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื ื“"ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื”, ื•ืขื™' ื—ืžืจื ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉื™ืจื™ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืœื™ืจื•' ืฉื ืค"ื ื”"ื’ ื‘ื“ืขืชื•; ื™ื“ ืจืž"ื” ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘"ืž ืคื” ื‘, ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืœื ืกืžืš ืืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืืกืคื™ื, ื•ืฆ"ื‘ ืื ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืืกืคื• ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ื—"ื“ ืขืž' ืงืžื, ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉื™"ืง ื•ื—ืžืจื ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฉื ื™ื’ ื‘, ืฉืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื ื‘ ื, ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื• ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืคืจ ืื• ืขื’ืœื” ืœืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื, ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 81, ืœืœืžื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืกืžื™ื›ืช ืคืจ ื•ืขื’ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืข"ืข ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื›ืš ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื–ืงื ื™ื.
  101. โ†‘ ื”ืžื’ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•"ื— ืฉื ื™ื“ ื.
  102. โ†‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื– ื; ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื ื‘ืคื™' ื”ื'.
  103. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื—; ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื ื‘ืคื™' ื”ื‘'.
  104. โ†‘ ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื.
  105. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื.
  106. โ†‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื ื“"ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื”. ื•ืข"ืข ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 85 ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  107. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  108. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื‘.
  109. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื™ืจื•' ืฉื ื•ืขื™' ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื. ื•ื‘ืื’ืจืช ืจื‘ ืฉืจื™ืจื ื’ืื•ืŸ: ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• โ€“ ื“ื™ื ื™ืง ื”ื•ื”. ื•ืขื™' ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืœืื• ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™"ื— ืฉื ื”, ื•ืขื™' ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื– ืก"ืง ืฉื™"ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืืœื ืžื‘ืŸ ื™"ื— ื•ืžืขืœื”.
  110. โ†‘ ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื.
  111. โ†‘ ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื.
  112. โ†‘ ื”ืจ"ืž ืกื•ืœื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆ'ื™ืง ื‘ืžืืžืจ ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื”ืจื™"ื“ ืกื•ืœื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆ'ื™ืง, ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ืžื ื™ืกืŸ-ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืž"ื—, ืขืž' 212.
  113. โ†‘ ืจ"ืž ืงืืฉื˜ืจื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืฆืคืช, ืขื™' ื"ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืž' ืค; ืขื™' ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ื™ืขื‘"ืฅ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื; ืจื™"ื“ ืกื•ืœื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆ'ื™ืง ืฉื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 112, ืข"ืค ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื "ืœ.
  114. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืค"ื ื”"ื“.
  115. โ†‘ ื›ืกืฃ ืžืฉื ื” ืค"ื“ ื”"ื. ืืžื ื ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกื”ืž"ืฆ ืž"ืข ืงื ื’ ื•ื‘ื”ืœ' ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืค"ื” ื”ืœ' ื-ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืขื“ "ื™ืžื™ ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื".
  116. โ†‘ ื™ืจื•' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ื”"ื‘. ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืขืž' ืงืžื“ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ืฉื ืงื˜ ืฉื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžืกื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ.
  117. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื ื”"ื”. ื•ืขื™' ื›"ืž ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•', ืืžื ื ืขื™' ืœื—"ืž ื•ืจื“ื‘"ื–, ืฉื“ื ื• ืื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•' ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืขืž' ืงืžื‘-ืงืžื’, ืฉื‘ื™ืืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืจื•' ืœืจืžื‘"ื, ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืชืงื ื” ืื—ืช ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื™ืจื•' ืชื™ืงื ื• ืชืงื ื” ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ืชื™ืงื ื• ืชืงื ื” ืื—ืจืช. ื•ืขื™' ืขื•ื“ ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืฉื ื•ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืฉื, ืื ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ" ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ื™ืจื•', ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื– ื›ื’, ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจื•' ืืžื ื ื›ืชื‘ ืœืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ.
  118. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืงื”"ืข ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืจื•' ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ืŸ ืžืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืฉืกืžืš ืœื‘ื“ื•, ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื, ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ืืฉ ืฉื ื ืงื˜ ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื”ื™ืจื•' ื’ื ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื‘"ื“.
  119. โ†‘ ืฉื ื”"ื–, ื•ืขื™' ื›"ืž ื•ืœื—"ืž ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื™ ื”"ื‘, ื•ืฉื ืœืคื ื™ื ื•: ืชืฉืขื™ื ืืœืฃ. ื•ืขื™' ืžืื™ืจื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืฉื ืฉืœืžื“ื• ื›ืŸ ืžืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื, ืฉืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ื—ืžืฉื” ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
  120. โ†‘ ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืกื™' ืจืขื, ื•ืฉื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื™ื™ื.
  121. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”"ื—. ื•ืขื™' ืžื "ื— ืž' ืชืฆื ืฉื”ืง' ืžื ื™ืŸ ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”.
  122. โ†‘ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืž' ืชืฆื.
  123. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืฉ"ืš ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื’ ืก"ืง ื—, ื•ืขื™' ื—ื–ื•"ื ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ื“ืขืชื•. ื•ืขื™' ืฉ"ืš ืฉื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื›ื”, ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืžืœ' ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืฉื ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื“ ืื—"ื› ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืข"ื›, ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื.
  124. โ†‘ ื—ื–ื•"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืกื™' ื˜ื– ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืช ื˜ื•.
  125. โ†‘ ืข"ืข ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ื•ืข' ืžื•ืžื™ื.
  126. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื” ื‘; ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืžืื™ืจื™ ื™ื•ืžื ืขื— ื ืข"ืค ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืจื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ืจืฉื” ืœื•.
  127. โ†‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื.
  128. โ†‘ ืžืื™ืจื™ ืข"ืค ื’ืžืจื ืฉื.
  129. โ†‘ ืชื•ืก' ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื– ื ื“"ื” ื”"ื“.
  130. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  131. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ืค"ื“ ืžืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื”"ื ื•ื”ื™"ื, ืข"ืค ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื.
  132. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘-ื™ื“ ื. ื•ืขื™' ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ื‘ื—"ื, ื‘ื˜ืขื ืฉื’ื–ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
  133. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื.
  134. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืจืœื‘"ื— ื“ืฃ ืจืค"ื” ืข"ื’. ื•ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ: ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื”.
  135. โ†‘ ื”ืจ"ื™ ืจื™ื™ืฉืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื ืขืค"ื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื. ื•ืข"ืข ื™ื”ืจื’ ื•ืืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ: ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฉืžื“.
  136. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจื"ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื” ื ื•ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืจ"ื” ื›ื‘ ื ื•ืกื•ื›ื” ืžื’ ื. ื•ืขื™' ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื›ืจืš ื™ื’ ืขืž' ืœื‘.
  137. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืก' ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื“ื™"ื— ื ืžื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ, ืข"ืค ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืื– ืชื™ืงืŸ ื”ืœืœ ืืช ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื•ืขื™' ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื—"ื‘ (ืขืž' 375 ื•ืื™ืœืš), ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืžืกืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ืืžืจื”, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืžืขื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืฉื ื” ื–ื•.
  138. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืžื“ืฃ ืจืค"ื” ืกื•ืฃ ืขืž' ื‘ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื‘ืฉื "ื˜ื•ืคืก ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ื—ื›ื", ื•ื ื“ืคืกื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘, ืžืขืž' ืงืฆื˜ ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  139. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ืจืœื‘"ื— ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ื ' ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื“ืฃ ืจืค"ื˜ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื•ืขื™ื™"ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื”"ื’ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื‘"ื— ื‘ืก' ื”ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื‘ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื•, ื•ื‘ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ. ื•ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืค"ื” ื”"ื’.
  140. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื—ื™"ื’ ืค"ื• ืขืž' ืฆื– ืข"ืค ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื• ืขื ืžื•ืžืจ, ื ื“' ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืž' 87.
  141. โ†‘ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื ืžืืžืจ ื“ ืค"ื”. ื•ืขื™' ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื ืขืž' ืฆ"ื— ืฉื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ืŸ ืžื‘"ืง ื˜ื• ื‘: ืžืื™ ืืžืจ ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื™ ื–ื™ืžื ื ื“ืื–ืœื™ื ื ืœืืจืขื ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืœื™ื” ื•ื›ื•', ื•ื"ื› ืžื•ื›ื— ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื"ื™, ืข"ืฉ.
  142. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 136 ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  143. โ†‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”ื™"ื ื•ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื ืž"ื’ ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื’.
  144. โ†‘ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื›ื•.
  145. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืฉื.
  146. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืœื‘"ื— ื‘ืงื•ื ' ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ื"ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืž' ื›-ื›ื), ืข"ืค ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื: "ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื›ืจืข", ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืืฃ ืฉื‘ืคื™ื”ืž"ืฉ ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ืž"ืž ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžื›ืš.
  147. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืจืœื‘"ื— ื”ื‘' ื‘ืงื•ื ' ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื“ืฃ ืจืคื˜ ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  148. โ†‘ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื’ ื‘ โ€“ ื™ื“ ื.
  149. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ืจืœื‘"ื— ืฉื, ื•ืข"ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืจืื™ื•ืช ืฉ"ื‘ื˜ืœ" ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื•ืขื™' ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ืจืื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขื™' ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื' ื“ืฃ ืจืขื– ื•ืื™ืœืš.
  150. โ†‘ ืขื™' ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืจืงื™ืข ืื•ืช ื ื“ ืข"ืค ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืฉืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืœื•ื— ื”ื™ื ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืฆื•ื” ื“: ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ื”ื•.
  151. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  152. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื”ื' ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืจืœื‘"ื—, (ื•ื ื“' ื’ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘, ื‘ืฉื "ื˜ื•ืคืก ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ื—ื›ื"). ื•ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฆืคืช.
  153. โ†‘ ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ืฉื.
  154. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืœื”ืœืŸ.
  155. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืฉืœืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืจืœื‘"ื—, ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืจืœื‘"ื—. ื•ืขื™' ืก' ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืฉื ื›ืžื” ืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืžื—ื›ืžื™ ืฆืคืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช.
  156. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจื“ื‘"ื– (ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ืจื‘ื ื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช) ื‘ืคื™' ืœืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœ' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื“ ื”ื™"ื.
  157. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ืจืœื‘"ื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื ื“' ื‘ืก' ื"ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืž' ื™ื–-ื™ื—.
  158. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•' ื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื”ื' ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืจืœื‘"ื—, (ื•ื ื“' ื’ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘, ื‘ืฉื "ื˜ื•ืคืก ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ื—ื›ื"), ื•ืขื™' ืก' ื”ื "ืœ ืขืž' ื• ื•ืขืž' ื™ื. ื•ืขื™' ืจืœื‘"ื— ืฉื ืฉื“ื—ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืืฃ ืื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืจื•ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืœื ืื—ืจ ืžื•"ืž ืขื ื›ื•ืœื, ืœืคื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืฉื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืžืข ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื•. ื•ืขื™' ืกืคืจ ื”ื "ืœ ืขืž' ืขื˜ ืžืจ"ืž ืงืืฉื˜ืจื•. ื•ืข"ืฉ ืžื•"ืž ืืจื•ืš ื‘ืกื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืช ืจืœื‘"ื— ื“"ื• ื“ืฃ ืจืขื˜ ืข"ื‘, ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ ืฆืคืช, ืฉืืฃ ืื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืขืชื” ื•ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ืขื ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ืกืžื™ื›ืชื, ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื”ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืฆืœ ืขืฆืžื.
  159. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื“ ื™ื.
  160. โ†‘ ืจื™ื"ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืชืœืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื” ื• (ืชืฉื™"ื’) ืžืขืž' 89 ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืก' ืชื—ื•ืงื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืข"ืค ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืฆื•ื’ ื›ืจืš ื’, ืžืขืž' 260 ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื•ืขื™ื™"ืฉ ืขืž' 262, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉื ืงื˜ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืจื•ืก ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื: ืื ื™ืชื›ื ืกื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื "ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ืืžื ื ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื•ื”ื›"ืž ื•ื”ืœื—"ืž, ื•ื”ืจืข"ื‘ ื•ื”ืชื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ืจื™ืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื 'ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ', ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ืจ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื‘ ื•ืจืœื‘"ื— ื‘ืงื•ื ' ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ืจืฆื” ืื•ืช ื”, ื•ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื•ืคืจื— ืค"ื™. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘"ืง ืœื• ื‘, ื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืืจืฅ ืœืกืžื•ืš, ื•ื‘ืžืื™ืจื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื: ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื•.
  161. โ†‘ ืชืฉื•ื”"ื’ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ ืกื™' ืงืค ืขืž' 355, ื•ืข"ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ื•ืขื™' ืฉื™ ืืกืฃ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืกื“ืจื™ื”ื ืื—ืจื™ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืชืจืค"ื“, ืขืž' 40.
  162. โ†‘ ืจ"ื™ ื”ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ืก' ื”ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 132.
  163. โ†‘ ื ื—ืœืช ืื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืื‘ืจื‘ื ืืœ ืค"ื•. ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื•, ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืช"ืก ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ืงืกื’ ื•ืฆืžื— ื“ื•ื“ ื—"ื ืขืž' 54, ืฉืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ืžื”ืจ"ืฉ ื•ืžื”ืจ"ืง. ื•ืขื™' ืกื™ื ื™ ื›ืจืš ื ื˜, ืขืž' ืจืค-ืจืคื, ืฉื“ืŸ ืื™ืžืชื™ ื ืชืงื ื” ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื•, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช.
  164. โ†‘ ื—ืช"ืก ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื•.
  165. โ†‘ ื ื—ืœืช ืื‘ื•ืช ืฉื. ื•ืขื™' ืก' ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืžืกื™ืจ ืœื™ืื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื”.
  166. โ†‘ ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื• ื.
  167. โ†‘ ืฆืžื— ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื, ื‘ืฉื ืžื”"ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืžืคืจืื’. ื•ืขื™' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืž' 29, ืฉืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืขืชื• ื ื•ื—ื” ืžืกืžื™ื›ื” ื–ื•, ื•ืœื ืกืžืš ืฉื•ื ืื“ื ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ืช ืžื•ืจื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื•ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืœื” ืœืก"ืช ืืœื ื‘ืฉื "ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘"ืจ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ". ื•ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ืงืกื’ ื“"ื” ื‘ืจื. ื•ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืช ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืกื™' ืจืขื, ืฉื“ืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ื”ืœื•ื™ ืžื•ื™ื ื”, ืฉืœื ื™ืขืกืงื• ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืืœื ื”ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื•ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื”"ืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
  168. โ†‘ ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืกื™' ืจืขื; ืขื™' ืจืž"ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืจืžื‘ ืกื™"ื“.
  169. โ†‘ ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืฉื.
  170. โ†‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื’ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื™ื˜ื, ืขื™' ืคื ืงืก ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืœื™ื˜ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืžื™ื ื™ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื, ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
  171. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืกืคืจ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืžืขื”ืจื™ืŸ.
  172. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืชืงื ืช ืคืจื ืงืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืฉื ืช ืฉืก"ื’.
  173. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืชืงื ื•ืช ืงื ื“ื™ืื”, ื•ืข"ืฉ ืขืž' 149-150 ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืงื ื“ื™ืื”.
  174. โ†‘ ืขื™' ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื "ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื”.