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Beit Midrash
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- P'ninat Mishpat
Ruling: Land rental is finalized by money, a document, or usage of the land (Bava Metzia 99a). All of the elements were present in a manner that obligates def, even if def did not sign the contract.
The gemara (Kiddushin 26a) discusses ayil v’nafik azuzei as a reason to disallow the validity of a kinyan in the context of one who bought a field and, from the outset, the seller came repeatedly to ask for the money and was rebuffed. Rashi explains the logic: the seller displays that he sold the land only because he was in immediate need for the money, and if it is not immediately available, the rationale for the sale falls. If the seller can back out, so can the buyer. However, this does not apply in our case for a few reasons.
First, the money that pl was anxious about was not the price of the apartment or its rent but a security deposit. The money for the initial months of rental was paid immediately. Secondly, we find poskim discussing ayil v’nafik a’zuzei only in regard to sale and not in regard to rental, and there is logic to distinguish. The logic of the concept is that we see that the only reason the seller is willing to part with his land was that he was in immediate need of cash. However, regarding rental, the landlord is not parting with his property but is using it in the manner one uses extra land.
There is also a question in the poskim whether ayil v’nafik azuzei can be said in regard to a delayed payment. The Shulchan Aruch (Choshen Mishpat 190:15) says that the dayan should decide if it appears that the seller was under pressure to receive the money. Furthermore, according to the law of the land, the contract is binding irrespective of these issues. For several reasons, then, the agreement is binding.
[We will discuss next time whether pl’s behavior justifies the cessation of the agreement.]
P'ninat Mishpat (835)
Various Rabbis
196 - An Aggressive Landlord
197 - An Aggressive Landlord
198 - A Kibbutz’s Rights to Fringe Benefits
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P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Complaints about Contractor’s Work – part II
(based on ruling 83037.1 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts)
P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Sharing in Plumbing Expenses – part I
based on ruling 85013 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
P'ninat Mishpat P'ninat Mishpat: Multiple Agreements and Parties – part II
based on ruling 80082 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
Rabbis in Midrash
Lessons
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Various Events FOR WHOM NOT TO VOTE
Rav Zvi Yehuda Kook stressed that Israeli politics is G-dly, so I have no problem answering this common question on a Torani blog. Also, Free-Will is a G-d-given right and obligation, to "destine one's fate" (R. Soloveichik, Kol Dodi Dofek, 67), so I obviously don't tell others how to vote. But once not a few (especially young) have already asked, a couple of personal words from experience and thoughts from chazal & Rav Kook which may be of help to others, mainly for whom NOT to vote.
P'ninat Mishpat Fallout from Failure to Install Elevator – part II
based on ruling 85007 of the Eretz Hemdah-Gazit Rabbinical Courts
